INTERSTELLAR BLEND “SPICE” POLYPHENOL POWERHOUSE (100 Spices in 1)

SPICE BLEND (Polyphenol Powerhouse)

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INTERSTELLAR “SPICE” POLYPHENOL POWERHOUSE — 100 SPICES in one

Believe it or not the spices in your cupboard have tremendous healing capabilities and this is because of their POLYPHENOL content.

Now you can have them all in one blend!

What are polyphenols? 

Polyphenols: chemistry, dietary sources, metabolism, and nutritional significance

“Polyphenols constitute one of the most numerous and ubiquitous groups of plant metabolites and are an integral part of both human and animal diets. Ranging from simple phenolic molecules to highly polymerized compounds with molecular weights of greater than 30,000 Da, the occurrence of this complex group of substances in plant foods is extremely variable. Polyphenols traditionally have been considered antinutrients by animal nutritionists, because of the adverse effect of tannins, one type of polyphenol, on protein digestibility. However, recent interest in food phenolics has increased greatly, owing to their antioxidant capacity (free radical scavenging and metal chelating activities) and their possible beneficial implications in human health, such as in the treatment and prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other pathologies. ”

polyphenols: a potentiol new strategy for the prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression

Following recent evidence that disturbances in oxidative metabolism are involved in anxiety disorders, high anxiety levels and depression, the use of antioxidants has been proposed as a novel approach for the prevention or treatment of these conditions. Polyphenols are naturally-occurring antioxidant substances which can have pharmacological actions on the central nervous system. This mini-review aims to examine the current evidence for the potential use of dietary polyphenols as neuroprotective agents to reduce anxiety and to manage depression.

I will outline recent findings which demonstrate that polyphenols have anti-anxiety effects at higher doses (300/60/30/20 mg/kg body weight) as well as at lower doses (2-4 mg/kg); this can be compared to conventional anxiolytics, which only have anxiolytic effects at lower doses (1-5 mg/kg). To circumvent problems associated with polyphenols (e.g., quercetin) having difficulty crossing the blood-brain barrier and to effectively reduce the active dose, intranasal administration in the form of liposomes could be an interesting approach. I also suggest that dietary polyphenols could be a new alternative approach to treat depression, because they exhibit antidepressant activity with relatively lower doses (0.3-2 mg/kg) than commonlyused antidepressants such as imipramine (10 mg/kg). The polyphenols discussed in this mini-review are found in vegetables and fruits such as apples, plums, cherries, onions and tea. Therefore, a varied diet that is rich in naturallyoccurring polyphenols could be an effective means to prevent (or delay) anxiety, depression and other diseases linked to oxidative stress. 

Polyphenols: antioxidants and beyond

”Research on the effects of dietary polyphenols on human health has developed considerably in the past 10 y. It strongly supports a role for polyphenols in the prevention of degenerative diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases and cancers. The antioxidant properties of polyphenols have been widely studied, but it has become clear that the mechanisms of action of polyphenols go beyond the modulation of oxidative stress.”

At the interface of antioxidant signalling and cellular function: Key polyphenol effects

“Effects of (poly) phenols on pathways of chronic inflammation leading to prevention of some of the damaging effects associated with the metabolic syndrome. (2) Interaction of (poly)phenols with endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, leading to effects on blood pressure and endothelial dysfunction, and consequent reduction in cardiovascular disease risk. (3) The inhibition of xanthine oxidoreductase leading to modulation of intracellular superoxide and plasma uric acid, a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes. ”

POLYPHENOLS: Small molecules that regulate lifespan: evidence for xenohormesis

Barring genetic manipulation, the diet known as calorie restriction (CR) is currently the only way to slow down ageing in mammals. The fact that CR works on most species, even microorganisms, implies a conserved underlying mechanism. Recent findings in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicate that CR extends lifespan because it is a mild biological stressor that activates Sir2, a key component of yeast longevity and the founding member of the sirtuin family of deacetylases. The sirtuin family appears to have first arisen in primordial eukaryotes, possibly to help them cope with adverse conditions. Today they are found in plants, yeast, and animals and may underlie the remarkable health benefits of CR. Interestingly, a class of POLYPHENOLIC molecules produced by plants in response to stress can activate the sirtuins from yeast and metazoans. At least in the case of yeast, these molecules greatly extend lifespan by mimicking CR. One explanation for this surprising observation is the ‘xenohormesis hypothesis’, the idea that organisms have evolved to respond to stress signalling molecules produced by other species in their environment. In this way, organisms can prepare in advance for a deteriorating environment and/or loss of food supply.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04209.x

The effects of polyphenol-containing antioxidants on oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in Type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications

“These observations indicated that the polyphenol-rich antioxidant supplement containing pomegranate extract, green tea extract, and ascorbic acid has important antagonizing effects on oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in patients with Type 2 DM and might be beneficial in preventing cardiovascular complications.”

Natural Polyphenols for Prevention and Treatment of Cancer

There is much epidemiological evidence that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables could lower the risk of certain cancers. The effect has been attributed, in part, to natural polyphenols. Besides, numerous studies have demonstrated that natural polyphenols could be used for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Potential mechanisms included antioxidant, anti-inflammation as well as the modulation of multiple molecular events involved in carcinogenesis. The current review summarized the anticancer efficacy of major polyphenol classes (flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans and stilbenes) and discussed the potential mechanisms of action, which were based on epidemiological, in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies within the past five years.

Polyphenols and cancer cell growth

Polyphenols constitute an important group of phytochemicals that gained increased research attention since it was found that they could affect cancer cell growth. Initial evidence came from epidemiologic studies suggesting that a diet that includes regular consumption of fruits and vegetables (rich in polyphenols) significantly reduces the risk of many cancers. In the present work we briefly review the effects of polyphenols on cancer cell fate, leading towards growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Their action can be attributed not only to their ability to act as antioxidants but also to their ability to interact with basic cellular mechanisms. Such interactions include interference with membrane and intracellular receptors, modulation of signaling cascades, interaction with the basic enzymes involved in tumor promotion and metastasis, interaction with oncogenes and oncoproteins, and, finally, direct or indirect interactions with nucleic acids and nucleoproteins.

These actions involve almost the whole spectrum of basic cellular machinery–from the cell membrane to signaling cytoplasmic molecules and to the major nuclear components–and provide insights into their beneficial health effects. In addition, the actions justify the scientific interest in this class of compounds, and provide clues about their possible pharmaceutical exploitation in the field of oncology.

Polyphenols and Aging

“These increasingly well-documented results have begun to provide a basis for considering the use of polyphenols in the development of novel therapies for certain human diseases. And while the mechanisms by which these effects occur are yet to be fully understood, it is evident that further investigation may yield a potential use for polyphenols as pharmacological interventions against specific age-associated diseases. ”

The Anti-Cancer Effect of Polyphenols against Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanisms

The high incidence of breast cancer in developed and developing countries, and its correlation to cancer-related deaths, has prompted concerned scientists to discover novel alternatives to deal with this challenge. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of polyphenol structures and classifications, as well as on the carcinogenic process. The biology of breast cancer cells will also be discussed. The molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-cancer activities of numerous polyphenols, against a wide range of breast cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, will be explained in detail.

The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis in the anti-cancer activity of polyphenols will also be highlighted. In addition, the potential of polyphenols to target cancer stem cells (CSCs) via various mechanisms will be explained. Recently, the use of natural products as chemotherapeutics and chemopreventive drugs to overcome the side effects and resistance that arise from using chemical-based agents has garnered the attention of the scientific community. Polyphenol research is considered a promising field in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer.

Polyphenol-Rich Foods in the Mediterranean Diet are Associated with Better Cognitive Function in Elderly Subjects at High Cardiovascular Risk

“Increased consumption of antioxidant-rich foods in general and of polyphenols in particular is associated with better cognitive performance in elderly subjects at high cardiovascular risk. The results reinforce the notion that Mediterranean diet components might counteract age-related cognitive decline.”

Plant Polyphenol Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress

“Thus, polyphenols probably protect LDL oxidation in vivo with significant consequences in atherosclerosis. and also protect DNA from oxidative damage with important consequences in the age-related development of some cancers.”

Effects of polyphenolic antioxidants on exercise-induced oxidative stress

“However, in response to strenuous exercise, the polyphenol-supplemented test showed a smaller increase in plasma TBARS and CK than the placebo test.”

Polyphenols and Aging

“Our understanding of aging is constantly evolving, but there is great interest in using polyphenol organic compounds to modify or retard the aging process. ”

Phenolics and polyphenolics in foods, beverages and spices: Antioxidant activity and health effects – A review

“Phenolic compounds, ubiquitous in plants, are an essential part of the human diet and are of considerable interest due to their antioxidant properties and potential beneficial health effects.”

Dietary polyphenols, oxidative stress and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects

“Phenolic compounds including phenolic acids, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins are widely distributed in plants as a protective mechanism against biotic and abiotic stresses.”

Antiglycative and neuroprotective activity of colon‐derived polyphenol catabolites

“Some polyphenolic catabolites, generated in vivo in the colon, were able in vitro to counteract two key features of diabetic complications, i.e. protein glycation and neurodegeneration. These observations could lead to a better control of these events, which are usually correlated with hyperglycemia.  ”

Plant Polyphenols: Chemical Properties, Biological Activities, and Synthesis

“This Review gives answers from a chemical perspective, summarizes the state of the art, and highlights the most significant advances in the field of polyphenol research. ”

Polyphenols and Human Health: A Prospectus

“We summarize the recent findings concerning the effects of polyphenols on human health, analyze the current limitations at pitfalls, and propose future directions for research.”

Distinct mechanisms underlie distinct polyphenol‐induced neuroprotection

“In conclusion, polyphenolic compounds inhibit glutamate‐induced toxicity. Each polyphenolic compound, however, exerts its protection by distinctive mechanisms. Combination of these effects might enhance the protective effect and could counter ischemic diseases or neurodegeneration. ”

200:1 = 300 1/8 tsp servings

20:1 = 72 1/2 tsp servings

INGREDIENTS

Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria)

Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria), for red color

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

pulegone (22.27%)

1,8-cineole (13.03%)

α-terpinyl acetate (6.87%)

isophytol (6.83%)

Source:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10068-010-0168-x

                                                                                                              

    1. Naphthoquinone Components from Alkanna tinctoria (L.) Tausch Show Significant Antiproliferative Effects on Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
    2. Antioxidant activities of alkanet
    3. Antimicrobial properties of naphthaquinones and other constituents of Alkanna tinctoria
    4. The effects of Alkanna tinctoria Tausch on split-thickness skin graft donor site management: a randomized, blinded placebo-controlled trial
    5. EFFECT OF ALKANNA FRIGIDEXTRACTS ON 3T3 FIBROBLAST CELL PROLIFERATION
    6. Alkannin inhibits CCL3 and CCL5 production in human periodontal ligament cells
    7. Alkannins and Shikonins: A New Class of Wound Healing Agents
    8. Wound healing properties of naphthaquinone pigments fromAlkanna tinctoria
    9. The effect of Alkanna tinctoria Tausch on burn wound healing in rabbits.
    10. Antioxidant activities of alkannin, shikonin and Alkanna tinctoria root extracts in oil substrates
    11. The roots of Alkanna tinctoria (AT) and LE have been used for the treatment of many diseases since ancient times because of their various biological activities. In the 4th–5th century BC, Hippocrates, a Greek doctor and philosopher, used AT for the treatment of skin ulcers
    12. Alkannin protects human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells from LPS-induced inflammatory injury by regulation of microRNA-210
    13. Suppressive effect of β, β-dimethylacryloyl alkannin on activated dendritic cells in an imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model
    14. Alkannin Inhibited Hepatic Inflammation in Diabetic Db/Db Mice
    15. Alkannin attenuates lipopolysaccharide‐induced lung injury in mice via Rho/ROCK/NF‐κB pathway
    16. The chemistry and biology of alkannin, shikonin, and related naphthazarin natural products
    17. A comparative study on anti-inflammatory activities of the enantiomers, shikonin and alkannin
    18. Antioxidant activities of alkannin, shikonin and Alkanna tinctoria root extracts in oil substrates
    19. Reaction of β-alkannin (shikonin) with reactive oxygen species: detection of β-alkannin free radicals
    20. Alkannin and Shikonin: effect on free radical processes and on inflammation‐a preliminary pharmacochemical investigation
    21. Photochemical decomposition of alkannin/shikonin enantiomers
    22. Concise and efficient total syntheses of alkannin and shikonin
    23. Isolation of two new alkannin esters from Alkanna tinctoria
    24. Micropropagation of Arnebia hispidissima (Lehm). DC. and production of alkannin from callus and cell suspension culture
    25. Accelerative effect of shikonin, alkannin and acetylshikonin on the proliferation of granulation tissue in rats
    26. Structure determination of oligomeric alkannin and shikonin derivatives
    27. Structure-radical scavenging activity relationship of alkannin/shikonin derivatives
    28. A new efficient route for multigram asymmetric synthesis of alkannin and shikonin
    29. Theoretical studies on structure, energetic and intramolecular proton transfer of alkannin
    30. Theoretical insights into the excited state double proton transfer mechanism of deep red pigment alkannin
    31. Synthesis and evaluation of novel alkannin and shikonin oxime derivatives as potent antitumor agents
    32. Study of the accelerating effect of shikonin and alkannin on the proliferation of granulation tissue in rats
    33. Effect of jasmonates and exogenous polysaccharides on production of alkannin pigments in suspension cultures of Alkanna tinctoria
    34. Preparative isolation and purification of alkannin/shikonin derivatives from natural products by high‐speed counter‐current chromatography
    35. The molecular mechanisms involved in the cytotoxicity of alkannin derivatives
    36. Kinetic studies of the photochemical decomposition of alkannin/shikonin enantiomers
    37. Effect of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin on the solubility, photostability and in-vitro permeability of alkannin/shikonin enantiomers
    38. Bioprocess engineering of Echium italicum L.: induction of shikonin and alkannin derivatives by two-liquid-phase suspension cultures
    39. Synthesis and human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA-binding activity of glucosaminosides of shikonin/alkannin
    40. Alkannin, HSP70 inducer, protects against UVB-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes
    41. Study on the enantiomeric ratio of the pharmaceutical substances alkannin and shikonin
    42. Advance in anti-tumor mechanisms of shikonin, alkannin and their derivatives
    43. SYUNZ‐16, a newly synthesized alkannin derivative, induces tumor cells apoptosis and suppresses tumor growth through inhibition of PKB/AKT kinase activity and …
    44. Voltammetric determination of total alkannin using a glassy carbon electrode
    45. Effect of shikonin and alkannin on hydroxyl radical generation system concerned with iron ion
    46. Wound-healing activity of an oligomer of alkannin/shikonin, isolated from root bark of Onosma echioides
    47. Optimization of total alkannin yields of Alkanna tinctoria by using sub-and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction
    48. An efficient in vitro shoot regeneration from immature inflorescence and ex vitro rooting of Arnebia hispidissima (Lehm). DC. – A red dye (Alkannin) yielding plant
    49. An efficient multigram synthesis of alkannin and shikonin
    50. Voltammetric determination of alkannin using an Au nanoparticles–poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride)-functionalized graphene nanocomposite film
    51. Studies on CD spectra of derivatives of shikonin and alkannin
    52. Antibacterial effect of butyryl alkannin from Arnebia euchroma against vancomycin-resistant pathogens of Enterococcus faecalis causing urinary tract infections
    53. Acetyl alkannin from Alkanna tinctoria works synergistically along with commercial antibiotics against common human pathogens
    54. Design, synthesis and anticancer activity of shikonin and alkannin derivatives with different substituents on the naphthazarin scaffold
    55. Alkannin inhibits growth and invasion of glioma cells C6 through IQGAP/mTOR signal pathway
    56. p-hydroxybenzoic acid and mevalonic acid as precursors of the plant naphthoquinone alkannin.
    57. Antitumor effect of alkannin derivative, SYUNZ-4
    58. Impairment of vascular function of rat thoracic aorta in an endothelium-dependent manner by shikonin/alkannin and derivatives isolated from roots of Macrotomia …
    59. Natural alkannin and anthocyanin as photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells
    60. Isolation of Bioactive Marker Component, Butyryl Alkannin from Arnebia euchroma Roots and Its Efficacy Against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens
    61. The evaluation of wound healing potential of acetyl alkannin isolated from Arnebia purpurea
    62. Extraction and purification of alkannin from Alkanna tinctoria Tausch: its location in the plant and time course accumulation in the tissues
    63. Histological Study of the Accelerating Effect of Shikonin and Alkannin on the Proliferation of Granulation Tissue in Rats
    64. Alkanna tinctoria T. (Alkanets): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Alkannin and Other Secondary Metabolites
    65. An efficient in vitro shoot regeneration from immature inflorescence and ex vitro rooting of Arnebia hispidissima (Lehm). DC.-a red dye (alkannin) yielding plant.
    66. Asymmetric synthesis of shikonin and alkannin
    67. Cotton dyeing with natural dye alkannin [J]
    68. Purification of commercial Alkannin and Shikonin samples
    69. Determination of alkannin/shikonin derivatives in endemic Greek Alkanna species
    70. STUDY ON THE SUPERCRITICAL CO_2 EXTRACTION OF ALKANNIN FROM ALKANNA TINCTROIA
    71. Theoretical Study on the Antioxidant Activity of Alkannin and its Derivatives
    72. Preparative isolation of Alkannin/Shikonin derivatives by High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography
    73. Density functional theory calculations of the radical scavenging activity of alkannin derivatives
    74. Studies of the Optimum Extraction Process of Alkannin from Arnebia Euchroma (Royel) Johnst in Xinjiang
    75. The Effect of Alkannin Content on the Antioxidant and Refreshing Activity of the Lithospermum Plastic
    76. In Silico Docking Studies of Alkannin and Shikonin with Heat Shock Protein-90 (Hsp90)
    77. Abstract B124: A novel alkannin derivative suppresses breast cancer proliferation and angiogenesis through modulation of STAT3 signaling
    78. Shikonin, alkannin; and racemic parent nucleus cabonyl oxime derivatives and applications thereof
    79. Alkannin inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via regulation of miR-92a
    80. IMPROVEMENT OF ALKANNIN BIOSYNTHESIS IN ALKANNA, ALKANNA ORIENTALIS (L.) BOISS THROUGH TISSUE AND CELL CULTURE TECHNIQUE.
    81. Bioprocess engineering of Echium italicum L.: Induction of shikonin and alkannin derivatives by two-liquid-phase…
    82. Alkannin restrains oral squamous carcinoma cell growth, migration and invasion by regulating microRNA-9/RECK axis
    83. Thermosensitive hydrogels as a controlled release system for alkannin to improve localized treatment of Candida vaginitis after external beam radiotherapy in vitro …
    84. Alkannin as a substitute for litmus
    85. Feeding trial with alkannin on mice
    86. Murine Langerhans Cells Activation Induced by Administration of Shikon, Shikonin and Alkannin

Allspice (Pimenta dioica)

Allspice (Pimenta dioica)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Kaempherol
Epicatechin
Proanthocyanidin
Eugenol (85.33±2.0 %)
Cineole (4.19±0.3%)
Linalool (0.83±0.11%)
α-humulene (0.76±0.12%)

Source:
http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO200516610545388.page
https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19800385014

                                                                                                              

    1. Antifungal effect of Pimenta dioica essential oil against dangerous pathogenic and toxinogenic fungi
    2. Antioxidative phenylpropanoids from berries of Pimenta dioica
    3. Cardiovascular effects of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Pimenta dioica in Sprague-Dawley rats
    4. Polyphenol-rich extract of Pimenta dioica berries (Allspice) kills breast cancer cells by autophagy and delays growth of triple negative breast cancer in athymic mice
    5. Eugenol ameliorates insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation in high fat-diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat
    6. Fabrication of carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel containing β-cyclodextrin–eugenol inclusion complexes for promoting diabetic wound healing
    7. Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol attenuates collagen induced arthritis via reduction of free radicals and pro-inflammatory cytokines
    8. Eugenol attenuates concanavalin A-induced hepatitis through modulation of cytokine levels and inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative stress
    9. Eugenol Exerts Apoptotic Effect and Modulates the Sensitivity of HeLa Cells to Cisplatin and Radiation
    10. Modulation of Pro-inflammatory Mediators by Eugenol in AlCl3 Induced Dementia in Rats
    11. Comparative anti-inflammatory activity of eugenol and eugenyl acetate on the murine immune response in vitro.
    12. Investigating unset endodontic sealers’ eugenol and hydrocortisone roles in modulating the initial steps of inflammation
    13. Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol on mononuclear cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients
    14. Alternative skin sensitization prediction and risk assessment using proinflammatory biomarkers, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)
    15. Modulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway by eugenol and telmisartan in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats
    16. A novel Nanoformulation Development of Eugenol and their treatment in inflammation and periodontitis

Angelica (Angelica archangelica)

Angelica (Angelica archangelica)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Luteolin
Quercetin
Coumarins
Caffeic acid
Ferulic acid
Chlorogenic acid
Furanocoumarins

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/833
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.388.115&rep=rep1&type=pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Hepatoprotective effect of Angelica archangelica in chronically ethanol-treated mice
  2. Antiproliferative effect of Angelica archangelica fruits
  3. Antitumour Activity of Angelica archangelica Leaf Extract
  4. Chinese medicine Angelica sinensis suppresses radiation-induced expression of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in mice
  5. Chalcones isolated from Angelica keiskei and their inhibition of IL-6 production in TNF-α-stimulated MG-63 cell
  6. Effects of ethanol sediments from tuber of Angelica sinensis and its litmusless component on secreting TNF-? and IL-1 of macrophages in vitro
  7. An Experimental Novel Study: Angelica sinensis Prevents Epidural Fibrosis in Laminectomy Rats via Downregulation of Hydroxyproline, IL-6, and TGF-β1
  8. Effect of Angelica sinensisaqueous extract on uterus, ovary NF-kB/β-actin and IL-6/β-actin mRNA expression level in pelvic inflammation model rats
  9. Effects of Growth Regulators on Production of Anthocyanins in Callus Cultures of Angelica archangelica
  10. Medicinal properties of Angelica archangelica root extract: Cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells and its protective effects against in vivo tumor development

Anise (Pimpinella anisum)

Anise (Pimpinella anisum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Gallic Acid
Caffeic Acid
Ferulic Acid

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/791

                                                                                                              

  1. Relaxant effect of Pimpinella anisum
  2. Antispasmodic effects of the hidroalcoholic extract of Pimpinella anisum
  3. Anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects of Pimpinella anisum

Annatto ( ) Achiote (Bixa orellana)

Annatto ( )

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Bisulphate
7-bisulphates
Apigenin
Luteolin
8-bisulphate
Hypolaetin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031942200986205

                                                                                                              

  1. DNA damage and aberrant crypt foci as putative biomarkers to evaluate the chemopreventive effect of annatto
  2. Antimicrobial activity of Annatto (Bixa orellana) extract
  3. Inhibition of cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in rat brain by polar and non-polar extracts of Annatto (Bixa orellana) seeds

Artemisia (Artemisia spp.)

Artemisia (Artemisia spp.)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Artemisinin
Deoxyartemisinin
Artemisinic acid
Arteannuin-B
Stigmasterol
Friedelin
Friedelan-3-β-ol
Artemetin
Quercetagetin
6,7,3′,4′-tetramethyl ether

Source:
https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-2006-959408

                                                                                                              

  1. Preventive and curative effects of Artemisia absinthium on acetaminophen and CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity
  2. Determination of artemisinin in Artemisia sieberi and anticoccidial effects of the plant extract in broiler chickens
  3. Anti-allergic effects of Artemisia
  4. Role of Artemisia macrocephalaas enzymes inhibitor in dementia and nociception! A pharmacological study
  5. DA-9601, a standardized extract of Artemisia asiatica, blocks TNF-α-induced IL-8 and CCL20 production by inhibiting p38 kinase and NF-κB pathways in human gastric epithelial cells
  6. A carbohydrate fraction, AIP1 from Artemisia iwayomogi suppresses pulmonary eosinophilia and Th2-type cytokine production in an ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. Down-regulation of TNF-α expression in the lung
  7. Effects of Artemisia capillaris methanol extract on CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and TNF-α+ splenic cells in tumor cells inoculated mice.
  8. Effect of Artemisia Annua L.Extract on Expression of TNF-α and ICAM-1 in Rats with Atrial Fibrillation
  9. The Effect of Artemisia Capillaris Herba on Ethanol-Induced Cytokines (TNF-α , IL-1α ) Secretion in Hep G2 Cells
  10. Effect of Artemisia fruit extract on TNF- α and IL-6 levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice
  11. INHIBITORY EFFECT OF ARTEMISIA CAPILLARIS ON ETHANOL-INDUCED CYTOKINES (TNF-α, IL-1α) SECRETION IN HEP G2 CELLS
  12. Effect of isosecotanapartholide isolated from Artemisia princeps Pampanini on IL‑33 production and STAT‑1 activation in HaCaT keratinocytes
  13. Chemical constituents on the aerial parts of Artemisia selengensis and their IL-6 inhibitory activity
  14. Evaluation of antitumor activity of Artemisia capillaris extract against hepatocellular carcinoma through the inhibition of IL-6/STAT3 signaling axis
  15. The effect of artemisia on IL-2 and IL-6 in IgA nephropathy in rat
  16. Phytochemical Constituents with IL-6 Inhibitory Activities of Artemisia selengensis
  17. Phytochemical Constituents with IL-6 Inhibitory Activity from Artemisia selengensis Turcz
  18. DA-9601, a standardized extract of Artemisia asiatica, blocks TNF-α-induced IL-8 and CCL20 production by inhibiting p38 kinase and NF-κB pathways in human gastric epithelial cells

Asafoetida (Ferula assafoetida)

Asafoetida (Ferula assafoetida)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

(E)-1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide (23.9%)
10-epi-γ-eudesmol (15.1%)
β-pinene (47.1%)
α-pinene (21.3%)

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814612019048

                                                                                                              

  1. Antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of Ferula assafoetida
  2. Anti-diabetic activity of Ferula assafoetida extract in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats
  3. Antihyperglycemic effect of Asafoetida

Avens (Geum urbanum)

Avens (Geum urbanum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Gallic
Caffeic
Chlorogenic acids
Eugenol
Carotenoids

Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ali_Al-Snafi/publication/332878581_Constituents_and_pharmacology_of_Geum_urbanum-A_review/links/5cd06927299bf14d957cc16d/Constituents-and-pharmacology-of-Geum-urbanum-A-review.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Antixoidant activity of Geum Urbanum
  2. Antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of different solvent extracts of the medicinal plant Geum urbanum L.
  3. Protective Effect of Aleppo Avens on Mouse Cerebral Ischemia

Avocado leaf (Persea americana)

Avocado leaf (Persea americana)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Monoglycosides
Kaempferol
Quercetin 3‐O‐α‐D‐arabinopyranosides
3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside (quercitrin)
Quercetin 3‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside
Quercetin
Afzelin

Source:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199812)12:8<562::AID-PTR356>3.0.CO;2-6

                                                                                                               

  1. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of leaves of Persea americana Mill
  2. Anticonvulsant effect of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae)(Avocado) leaf aqueous extract in mice
  3. Hypoglycemic activity of aqueous leaf extract of Persea americana Mill

Barberry (Berberis vulgaris and other Berberis spp.)

Barberry (Berberis vulgaris and other Berberis spp.)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Kaempferol
Berberine
Berbamine
Jatrorrhizine
Columbamine
Berberubine
Oxicanthine
Palmatine

Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Geza_Bandur/publication/264852516_Berberis_Vulgaris_Extractb_b_b_b_b_Cyclodextrin_Nanoparticles_Synthesis_and_Characterization/links/550175290cf231de0769eca9.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine
  2. The antihypertensive and vasodilator effects of aqueous extract from Berberis vulgaris fruit on hypertensive rats
  3. Study on the anti-inflammatory action of Berberis vulgaris root extract, alkaloid fractions and pure alkaloids

Basil, Holy (Ocimum Sanctum)

Basil, Holy (Ocimum tenuiflorum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Cirsilineol
Cirsimaritin
Isothymusin
Isothymonin
Apigenin
Rosmarinic acid
Eugenol

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S094471130080015X

                                                                                                              

  1. Evaluation of anti-hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn, Ocimum sanctum
  2. Effect of Tulasi (Ocimum sanctum) leaf powder supplementation on blood sugar levels, serum lipids and tissues lipids in diabetic rats
  3. Evaluation of antioxidant and wound healing effects of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn in rats
  4. Ursolic acid rich Ocimum sanctum L leaf extract loaded nanostructured lipid carriers ameliorate adjuvant induced arthritis in rats by inhibition of COX-1, COX-2, TNF-α and IL-1: Pharmacological and docking studies

Basil, sweet (Ocimum basilicum)

Basil, sweet (Ocimum basilicum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Salvigenin
Nevadensin
Cirsileol
Cirsilineol
Eupatorin
Apigenin
Acacetin
Genkwanin
Apigenin 7,4′-dimethyl ether
Cirsimaritin
Ladenein
Gardenin B

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S003194229600430X

                                                                                                              

  1. Antimicrobial effects of Ocimum basilicum (Labiatae) extract
  2. Effect of Chitosan on the Biological Properties of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
  3. Antiulcerogenic Effects of Ocimum basilicum Extracts
  4. Ocimum basilicum leaf essential oil and (-)-linalool reduce orofacial nociception in rodents: a behavioral and electrophysiological approach

Bay leaf (Laurus nobilis)

Bay leaf (Laurus nobilis)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

O-glycosides
C-glycoside
Catechin
Cinnamtannin B1

Source:
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/jmf.2008.0119

                                                                                                              

  1. Analgesic and anti‐inflammatory activity of the leaf essential oil of Laurus nobilis Linn.
  2. Anticonvulsant activity of the leaf essential oil of Laurus nobilis against pentylenetetrazole-and maximal electroshock-induced seizures
  3. Alcohol absorption inhibitors from bay leaf (Laurus nobilis): structure-requirements of sesquiterpenes for the activity

Blue fenugreek, blue melilot (Trigonella caerulea)

Blue fenugreek, blue melilot (Trigonella caerulea)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

C-glycosides
Apigenin 6-C-β-chinovopyranosyl-8-C-β-galactopyranoside
Apigenin 6-C-β-xylopyranosyl-8-C-(6′′′-O-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroyl)-β-glucopyranoside)
C-glycosides, apigenin 6,8-C-di-β-galactopyranoside
Apigenin 6-C-β-xylopyranosyl-8-C-β-galactopyranoside
Apigenin 6-C-β-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-β-galactopyranoside
Luteolin 8-C-β-glucopyranoside
Luteolin 6-C-β-glucopyranoside
Apigenin 8-C-β-glucopyranoside
Apigenin 6-C-β-glucopyranoside
Luteolin 8-C-(2′′-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-glucopyranoside)
Apigenin 8-C-(2′′-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-glucopyranoside)

Source:
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf100848c

                                                                                                              

  1. Effect of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) on blood glucose in normal and diabetic ratsIn vitro shoot regeneration of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) using different cytokinins
  2. Fenugreek seed polyphenols protect liver from alcohol toxicity: a role on hepatic detoxification system and apoptosis
  3. Saudi Arabia folk medicine plants (Costus, Fenugreek, Rhamuns) effect on cancer cell lines (A549, Hela, BT549, Colo320, SW620)

Boldo (Peumus boldus)

Boldo (Peumus boldus)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Catechin
Boldine
Limonene
p-cymene

Source:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb10700.x
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/14/3/5750/htm

                                                                                                              

  1. Hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of a traditional medicinal plant of Chile, Peumus boldus
  2. Effect of boldo (Peumus boldus Molina) infusion on lipoperoxidation induced by cisplatin in mice liver
  3. Antioxidant activity of crude extract, alkaloid fraction, and flavonoid fraction from Boldo (Peumus boldus Molina) leaves

Borage (Borago officinalis)

Borage (Borago officinalis)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Tannic acid
Catechin
Gallic acid
Pyrogallol

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0926669016306252

                                                                                                              

  1. Antioxidative activity of borage (Borago officinalis L.)
  2. Pharmacological basis for the use of Borago officinalis in gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular disorders
  3. Antioxidant and free radical-scavenging properties of ethanolic extracts of defatted borage (Borago officinalis L.) seeds

California bay laurel (Umbellularia californica)

California bay laurel (Umbellularia californica)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

3-O-mono
Kaempferol
Quercetin
Isorhamnetin
Eriodictyol 7-O-glucoside

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031942200896429

                                                                                                              

  1. Antibacterial activity of native California medicinal plant extracts isolated from Rhamnus californica and Umbellularia californica
  2. The effects of Umbellularia californica produced terpenoids on vascular smooth muscle.
  3. The flavonoids of Umbellularia californica (lauraceae)

Caper (Capparis spinosa)

Caper (Capparis spinosa)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Kaempferol
Kaempferol 3-O-rhamnosyl-rhamnosyl-glucoside
Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside
Quercetin
Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/786

                                                                                                              

  1. Bioactive components of caper (Capparis spinosa L.) from Sicily and antioxidant effects in a red meat simulated gastric digestion
  2. The anticarcinogenic potential of essential oil and aqueous infusion from caper (Capparis spinosa L.)
  3. Study on the ethnopharmaceutical values and traditional uses of Capparis spinosa L.

Caraway (Carum carvi)

Caraway (Carum carvi)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Kaempferol
Caffeic Acid
Coumarin
Quercetin-3-glucuronides
Isoquercitrin
Quercetin 3-0 caffeylglucoside

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/804
http://applications.emro.who.int/imemrf/Pak_J_Pharm_Sci/Pak_J_Pharm_Sci_2012_25_2_333_337.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Antioxidant and antibacterial properties of phenolic extract from Carum carvi L.
  2. Antibacterial Activity of Cuminum cyminum L. and Carum carvi L. Essential Oils
  3. Antispasmodic effects of some medicinal plants
  4. Antiobesity Effect of Caraway Extract on Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum)

Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Protocatechuic acid
p-coumaric acid
Catechin
Linoleic acid

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/780
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Fawad_Zafar/publication/275407199_090-9635_4787-4794/links/553b88610cf2c415bb0964b3.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352952016300135

                                                                                                              

  1. Gastroprotective effect of cardamom, Elettaria cardamomum Maton. fruits in rats
  2. Blood pressure lowering, fibrinolysis enhancing and antioxidant activities of Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum)
  3. Antimicrobial effect of seed extract of cardamom (Elettarıa cardamomum Maton)
  4. Anti-Diabetic Activity of Amomum Subulatum Roxb. Fruit Constituents

Cassia (Cinnamomum aromaticum)

Cassia (Cinnamomum aromaticum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Kaempferol
Quercetrin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1466856409000605

                                                                                                              

  1. Antidiabetic effect of Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum zeylanicum in vivo and in vitro
  2. Growth-Inhibiting Effects of Cinnamomum cassia Bark-Derived Materials on Human Intestinal Bacteria
  3. Antihyperglycaemic effect of Cassia auriculata in experimental diabetes and its effects on key metabolic enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism

Catnip (Nepeta cataria)

Catnip (Nepeta cataria)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Luteolin 7-O-glucuronide
Luteolin 7-O-glucurono-(1→6)-glucoside
Apigenin 7-O-glucuronide
Ursolic acid
Beta-sitosterol
Campesterol
Alpha-amyrin
Beta-amyrin
Sitosterol β-glucopyranoside

Source:
https://ptfarm.pl/pub/File/wydawnictwa/acta_pol/2007/3_07/247-252.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the antidiabetic effect of different extracts of Nepeta cataria in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
  2. Catnip: Its uses and effects, past and present
  3. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of Nepeta cataria

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum annuum)

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum annuum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Trans-p-ferulylalcohol-4-O-(6-(2-methyl-3-hydroxypropionyl) glucopyranoside
Luteolin-7-O-(2-apiofuranosyl-4-glucopyranosyl-6-malonyl)-glucopyranoside
Trans-p-feruloyl-β-d-glucopyranoside
Trans-p-sinapoyl-β- d-glucopyranoside
Quercetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside
Luteolin 6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside-8-C-α-l-arabinopyranoside
Apigenin 6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside-8-C-α-l-arabinopyranoside
Luteolin 7-O-[2-(β-d-apiofuranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031942203002826

                                                                                                              

  1. Polyphenols in red pepper [Capsicum annuum var. aviculare (Tepin)] and their protective effect on some pro-oxidants induced lipid peroxidation in brain and liver
  2. Flavonoids and antioxidant activity of fresh pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars
  3. Antioxidant Activity of the Main Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Hot Pepper Fruit (Capsicum annuum L.)

Celery leaf (Apium graveolens)

Celery leaf (Apium graveolens)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Gallic acid
Ethyl acetate

Source:
http://www.academicjournals.org/app/webroot/article/article1380730860_Jung et al.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of a flavonoid isolated from celery (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce)
  2. Antiulcerogenic and antibacterial activities of Apium graveolens essential oil and extract
  3. Hypolipidemic effects of seed extract of celery (Apium graveolens) in rats

Celery seed (Apium graveolens)

Celery seed (Apium graveolens)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Gallic acid
Ethyl acetate
Luteolin 7-O-apiosylglucoside
Luteolin 7-O-glucoside
Apigenin 7-O-apiosylglucoside
Chrysoeriol 7-O-apiosylglucoside
Chrysoeriol 7-O-glucoside
Apigenin

Source:
http://www.academicjournals.org/app/webroot/article/article1380730860_Jung et al.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Antihypertensive effect of celery seed on rat blood pressure in chronic administration
  2. Chemoprevention of benzo[a]pyrene‐induced forestomach cancer in mice by natural phthalides from celery seed oil
  3. A novel compound from celery seed with a bactericidal effect against Helicobacter pylori

Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium)

Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Luteolin-7-O-glucoside
HPLC
Chlorogenic acid
Isoquercitrin
Quercetin
Myricetin
Luteolin

Source:
http://www.revistafarmacia.ro/201706/art-02-Velescu_Anuta_Pirvu_824-831.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. In vitro antioxidant activity of Anthriscus cerefolium L.(Hoffm.) extracts
  2. Chervil: A Multifunctional Miraculous Nutritional Herb [2012]
  3. Free radical scavenging and membrane protective effects of methanol extracts fromAnthriscus cerefolium L. (Hoffm.) andPetroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nym. ex A. W. Hill.

Chicory (Cichorium intybus)

Chicory (Cichorium intybus)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Gallic acid
Protocatechuic acid
5caffreolyquinic acid
Caffeic acid
Chocoric acid
Kaempferol
Isorhamnetin
Quercetin
Luteolin

Source:
phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/309
https://academic.oup.com/botlinnean/article-abstract/89/4/313/2633507

                                                                                                              

  1. Antihyperglycemic effect of a natural chicoric acid extract of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)
  2. Polyphenol content and antiradical activity of Cichorium intybus L. from biodynamic and conventional farming
  3. Anti-hepatotoxic effects of root and root callus extracts of Cichorium intybus L
  4. Effect of Cichorium intybus L. on the expression of hepatic NF-κB and IKKβ and serum TNF-α in STZ− and STZ+ niacinamide-induced diabetes in rats
  5. Effect of chloroformic extract of Cichorium intybus on liver function tests and serum level of TNF-α in obstructive cholestasis in rat
  6. Effect of Cichorium intybus L. on the expression of hepatic NF‑κB and IKKβ and serum TNF‑α in STZ− and STZ+ niacinamide‑induced diabetes in rats

Chili pepper (Capsicum spp.)

Chili pepper (Capsicum spp.)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Capsaicin
Luteolin
Quercetin
Dihydrocapsaicin
Trans-p-feruloyl-β-d-glucopyranoside
Trans-p-sinapoyl-β-d-glucopyranoside
Quercetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside
Trans-p-ferulyl alcohol-4-O-[6-(2-methyl-3-hydroxypropionyl] glucopyranoside
Luteolin 6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside-8-C-α-l-arabinopyranoside
Apigenin 6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside-8-C-α-l-arabinopyranoside
Lutoeolin 7-O-[2-(β-d-apiofuranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside]
Quercetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside
Luteolin 7-O-[2-(β-d-apiofuranosyl)-4-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-6-malonyl]-β-d-glucopyranoside

Source:
https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/47/5/article-p574.xml
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf035331k

                                                                                                              

  1. Antioxidant, Antinociceptive, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Carotenoids Extracted from Dried Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
  2. Effects of capsaicin on lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat diet
  3. Ingestion of chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum) reduces salicylate bioavailability after oral aspirin administration in the rat
  4. The effect of capsicum frutescens-l to transient receptor potential vinaloid-1, toll like receptors (tlr-4) and interleukin 1 beta (il-1β) on periodontitis
  5. Red Pepper (Capsicum baccatum) Extracts Present Anti-Inflammatory Effects In Vivo and Inhibit the Production of TNF-α and NO In Vitro
  6. capsaicin (from capsicum). Vanilloid receptors are involved in pain perception (nociception)(Table 3.4).

Chives (Allium schoenoprasum)

Chives (Allium schoenoprasum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Luteolin
Isoharmnetin
Kaempferol
Quercetin

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/762

                                                                                                              

  1. Diallyl sulfide content and antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria of chives (Allium schoenoprasum)
  2. Allium schoenoprasum L., as a natural antioxidant
  3. Anti-inflammatory effects of Allium schoenoprasum L. leaves

Cinnamon, white (Canella winterana)

Cinnamon, white (Canella winterana)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

2-Hydroxybenzoic acid
Protocatechuic acid
Syringic acid
Hydroxycinnamic acids
Caffeic acid
p-Coumaric acid
Cinnamaldehyde
Cinnamic acid
Cinnamate

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/830
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2014/642942/abs/

                                                                                                              

  1. Effects of a cinnamon extract on plasma glucose, HbA1c, and serum lipids in diabetes mellitus type 2
  2. Antioxidant effects of a cinnamon extract in people with impaired fasting glucose that are overweight or obese
  3. The Evaluation of Long‐term Effects of Cinnamon Bark

Clary, Clary sage (Salvia sclarea)

Clary, Clary sage (Salvia sclarea)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Salvigenin
Sclareol
Oleanolic acid
Triacylglycerols

Source:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ffj.3133

                                                                                                              

  1. Antidepressant-like effect of Salvia sclarea is explained by modulation of dopamine activities in rats
  2. Evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.)
  3. A Study on Anti-Inflammatory and Peripheral Analgesic Action of Salvia sclarea Oil and Its Main Components

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Kaempferol
Quercetin
Gallic acid
Protocatechuic acid
Syringic acid
p-Coumaric acid
Acetyl eugenol
Eugenol

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/797

                                                                                                              

  1. Effect of Syzygium aromaticum extract on immediate hypersensitivity in rats
  2. Antioxidant property of Nigella sativa (black cumin) and Syzygium aromaticum (clove) in rats during aflatoxicosis
  3. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry: impact upon bacteria, fungi and fatty acid levels in ageing mice
  4. β‐Caryophyllene attenuates palmitate‐induced lipid accumulation through AMPK signaling by activating CB2 receptor in human HepG2 hepatocytes

Coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum)

Coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside
Caffeoyl N-tryptophan hexoside
C-glycosylated apigenin
Eonidin-3-O-feruloylglucoside-5-O-glucoside

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814611016293

                                                                                                              

  1. Protective effects of Coriandrum sativum extracts on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
  2. Hypolipidemic effect of coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum): mechanism of action
  3. Insulin-releasing and insulin-like activity of the traditional anti-diabetic plant Coriandrum sativum (coriander)

Costmary (Tanacetum balsamita)

Costmary (Tanacetum balsamita)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Apigenin
7-O-glucoside (cosmosiin)
Luteolin 7-O- glucoside
Luteolin 3 -methyl ether (chrysoeriol)

Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Chemical-structures-of-identified-phenolic-acids-and-flavonoids-a-3-4dihydroxy-cinnamic_fig1_315700148

                                                                                                              

  1. Antimicrobial agents from Tanacetum balsamita
  2. In vitro antioxidant activities of various solvent extracts from Tanacetum balsamita L. subsp. balsamita
  3. Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Tanacetum balsamita Essential Oil and One of Its Major Constituents (Quercetin) in Male Rats

Cudweed (Gnaphalium spp.) (Vietnam)

Cudweed (Gnaphalium spp.) (Vietnam)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

5,7-dihydroxy-3
8-dimethoxy-flavone
5,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxyflavone
3-methoxyquercetin
Quercetin

Source:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/13880208909053932

                                                                                                              

  1. Experimental Study on Antitussive and Expectorant Effects of Cudweed
  2. Effect of Gnaphalium conoideum HBK on guinea pig airway smooth muscle: role of L-type Ca2+ channels
  3. Antiinflammatory activity-guided fractionation of Gnaphalium stramineum

Cumin (Cuminum cyminum)

Cumin (Cuminum cyminum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Kaempferol
Caffeic Acid
Glycoside, 3′,5–dihydroxyflavone
O‐β‐d‐galacturonide4′‐O‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside (CC‐I)

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/779
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.2046

                                                                                                              

  1. Hypolipidemic effect of Cuminum cyminum L. on alloxan-induced diabetic rats
  2. Effects of methanolic extract of Cuminum cyminum on total serum cholesterol in ovariectomized rats
  3. Chemopreventive effects of Cuminum cyminum in chemically induced forestomach and uterine cervix tumors in murine model systems
  4. Antiobesity, antihyperlipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of the aqueous extract of Nigella Sativa seeds (Kalongi)

Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii)

Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Rutin
Naringin
Caffeic Acid
Gentistic acid
Syringic Acid
Epicatechin
p-coumaric acid
Sinapic acid
Benzoic acid
o-coumaric acid
t-ferulic

Source:
https://academicjournals.org/journal/JMPR/article-full-text-pdf/7CFB44024285

                                                                                                              

  1. Beneficial effects of Murraya koenigii leaves on antioxidant defense system and ultra structural changes of pancreatic β-cells in experimental diabetes in rats
  2. Anti-diabetic effect of Murraya koenigii leaves on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
  3. Anti-oxidant effects of curry leaf, Murraya koenigii and mustard seeds, Brassica juncea in rats fed with high fat diet.

Deulkkae (Perilla frutescens seeds)

Deulkkae (Perilla frutescens seeds)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Apigenin
Luteolin
Scutellarein 7-O-diglucuronide
Shisonin
Malonylshisonin
Cyanidin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0963996910003583scutellarein 7-O-diglucuronide
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/14/1/133

                                                                                                              

  1. Health effects of omega-3,6,9 fatty acids: Perilla frutescens is a good example of plant oils
  2. Effects of Fatty Oil of Acute Common Perilla (Perilla frutescens) on the Learning and Memory of Mice [J]
  3. Experimental Study of the Effect of Perilla frutescens Seed on Hyperlipoidemia Model Rats [J]
  4. Perilla Frutescens targets intestinal permeability
    In vitro study on TNF-α stress-induced barrier dysfunction in intestinal epithelial cells

Dill seed (Anethum graveolens)

Dill seed (Anethum graveolens)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Chlorogenic acid
Myricetin
3,3’,4′,5,7-pentahydoxyflavan
(4 → 8)-3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydoxyflavan

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814608014933

                                                                                                              

  1. Effects of anethum graveolens and garlic on lipid profile in hyperlipidemic patients
  2. The effects of Anethum graveolens L. on female reproductive system
  3. Anethum graveolens: An Indian traditional medicinal herb and spice

Elderflower (Sambucus spp.)

Elderflower (Sambucus spp.)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

(3-O-, 4-O-, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid
3-O- and 5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid
1,5-di-O-, 3,4-di-O-, 3,5-di-O- and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid)
Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside
Quercetin-3-O-glucoside
Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside
Isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside
Isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside
Quercetin-3-O-6″-acetylglucoside

Source:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00217-007-0723-8

                                                                                                              

  1. The benefits of antioxidant-rich fruits on skin health
  2. Inhibition of microglial activation by elderberry extracts and its phenolic components
  3. Treatment of Paederus dermatitis with Sambucus ebulus lotion
  4. IL-1β, TNF-α and Sambucus nigra Reactive Serum Proteins as Biomarkers of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease Progression
  5. Inhibitory Activity of IL(interleukin)-6 by Lignans Isolated from Sambucus williamsii

Epazote (Dysphania ambrosioides)

Epazote (Dysphania ambrosioides)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Rutin
Myricetin
Quercetin

Source:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14786419.2018.1437428

                                                                                                              

  1. Amoebicidal activity of essential oil of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants in an amoebic liver abscess Hamster model
  2. Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Schistosomicidal, and Cytotoxic Activities of the Essential Oil of Dysphania ambrosioides
  3. Ethnopharmacological reports on anti-Buruli ulcer medicinal plants in three West African countries

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Gallic acid
Caffeic acid
Ferulic acid

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/792

                                                                                                              

  1. Antiinflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant activities of the fruit of Foeniculum vulgare
  2. Hepatoprotective effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil: A carbon-tetrachloride induced liver fibrosis model in rats
  3. Cholinergic Basis of Memory-Strengthening Effect of Foeniculum vulgare Linn.
  4. Anti-Obesity Effects of Foeniculum fructus Water Extract

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Apigenin
Luteolin
Kaempferol

Source:
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/15/11/20668

                                                                                                              

  1. Hypoglycaemic and antihyperglycaemic effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaf in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats
  2. Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) seed extract as an antineoplastic agent
  3. Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) seed powder improves glucose homeostasis in alloxan diabetic rat tissues by reversing the altered glycolytic
  4. Alleviation of hepatic steatosis accompanied by modulation of plasma and liver TNF-α levels by Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) seeds in Zucker obese (fa/fa) rats

Galangal, greater (Alpinia galanga)

Galangal, greater (Alpinia galanga)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Galangin
3-O-methyl galangin
Galango

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254629905000190
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/tjpr/article/view/49402

                                                                                                              

  1. Neuroprotective effect of Alpinia galanga (L.) fractions on Aβ (25–35) induced amnesia in mice
  2. Antiallergic principles from Alpinia galanga: structural requirements of phenylpropanoids for inhibition of degranulation and release of TNF-α and IL-4 in RBL-2H3
  3. Neurotransmitter metabolic enzymes and antioxidant status on Alzheimer’s disease induced mice treated with Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd
  4. Antiallergic principles from Alpinia galanga: structural requirements of phenylpropanoids for inhibition of degranulation and release of TNF-α and IL-4 in RBL-2H3 cells

Garlic chives (Allium tuberosum)

Garlic chives (Allium tuberosum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

3-Ο-β-sophorosyl-7-Ο-β-D-
Glucosylkaempferol
3-Ο-β-sophorosylkaempferol (6)
3, 4′-di-Ο-β-D-glucosylquercetin (5)
3, 4′-di-Ο-β-D-glucosylkaempferol

Source:
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/cpb1958/35/1/35_1_97/_article/-char/ja/

                                                                                                              

  1. Aphrodisiac properties of Allium tuberosum seeds extract
  2. The effect of oral administration of Allium sativum extracts on lead nitrate induced toxicity in male mice
  3. Beneficial effect of Allium sativum and Allium tuberosum on experimental hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis

Ginger (Zingiber officinale)

Ginger (Zingiber officinale)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Caffeic Acid
Gingerol
Quercetin
Catechin

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/785
http://www.academicjournals.org/app/webroot/article/article1380532263_Ghasemzadeh et al.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Analgesic, antiinflammatory and hypoglycaemic effects of ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale (Roscoe) rhizomes (Zingiberaceae) in mice and rats
  2. Ginger extract (Zingiber officinale) has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects on ethionine-induced hepatoma rats
  3. Anti‐diabetic activity of Zingiber officinale in streptozotocin‐induced type I diabetic rats
  4. Gingerenone A, a polyphenol present in ginger, suppresses obesity and adipose tissue inflammation in high‐fat diet‐fed mice
  5. Pengaruh Ekstrak Jahe Merah ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe ) terhadap Gambaran IL-6 pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Strain Wistar yang diinduksi oleh Pirazinamid, Etambutol, Levofloksasin
  6. Response of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and IL-8 to short-term supplementation with ginger and acute exhaustive exercise in male athletes

Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)

Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Luteolin
Kaempferol
Quercetin
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
Rutine
Gallic acid
Catechin
Caffeic acid
Syringic acid
Vaniline
Chlorogenic acid
Epicatechine
Coumaric acid
Sinapic acid
Ferulic acid

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/845
http://www.ipcbee.com/vol53/002-ICNFS2013-F0004.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. A Review on the Phytochemical Composition and Potential Medicinal Uses of Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) Root
  2. Tumor Cell Proliferation and Cyclooxygenase Inhibitory Constituents in Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana)
  3. Antioxidant properties of leaf and root extract and oil from different types of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana Gaertn.)

Houttuynia cordata (Vietnam)

Houttuynia cordata (Vietnam)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercitrin
Hyperin
Rutin
Quercetin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1004954108600178

                                                                                                              

  1. Anti-inflammatory effect of Houttuynia cordata injection
  2. Immunomodulatory and anti-SARS activities of Houttuynia cordata
  3. Protective Effect of Houttuynia cordata Extract on Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats
  4. Effects of Volatile Oil and 2-Undecanone from Houttuynia Cordata Thunb. on LPS-TLR4/MD-2-TNF-α Inflammation Signaling Pathway
  5. Effects of dokudami (Houttuynia cordata) on IL-8 expression in human gingival epithelial cells stimulated by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis)

Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Apigenin
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid
Gentisic acid
Syringic Acid
Caffeic Acid
Ferulic Acid
Quercetin 7-O-β-d-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-xylopyranoside (1)
Quercetin 7-O-β-d-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-xylopyranoside 3′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2)

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/741
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10286020.2010.533120
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3845980/

                                                                                                              

  1. Inhibitory Effects of Hyssop (Hyssopus of ficinalis) Extracts on Intestinal α-Glncosidase Activity and Postprandial Hyperglycemia
  2. Effect of Hyssopus officinalis L. on inhibiting airway inflammation and immune regulation in a chronic asthmatic mouse model
  3. Herbal medicines and epilepsy: the potential for benefit and adverse effects

Jasmine flowers (Jasminum spp.)

Jasmine flowers (Jasminum spp.)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Kaempferol-3,7-O-di-β-D-glucopyranside(1)
Kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranside(2)
Quercetin-3-O-sambubioside(3)
Sulfurein(4)
Butin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranside(5)
Acacetin-7-O-(α-D-apiofuranosyl)(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranside(6)

Source:
http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-ZXYZ201207024.htm

                                                                                                              

  1. Herbs for the treatment of insomnia
  2. Nutraceutical Properties in Flowers
  3. Suppression of puerperal lactation using jasmine flowers (Jasminum sambac)

Jiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum)

Jiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Kaempferol-glycosides
Ginsenoside Rb3
Ginsenoside Rd

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0944711310002953

                                                                                                              

  1. Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effects of Anoectochilus formosanus and Gynostemma pentaphyllum
  2. Phytopreventative anti-hyperlipidemic effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum in rats
  3. Neuroprotective effects of herbal ethanol extracts from Gynostemma pentaphyllum in the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat model of Parkinson’s disease
  4. Isolation and Characterization of Dammarane-Type Saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum and Their Inhibitory Effects on IL-6-Induced STAT3 Activation

Juniper berry (Juniperus communis)

Juniper berry (Juniperus communis)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Glycoside
Quercetin-hexoside
Hypolaetin-7-pentoside
Isoscutellarein
8-hydroxyluteolin
Amentoflavone
Hynokiflavone
Cupressoflavone
Methyl-biflavones

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031942203006721
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf9012295
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf070257h

                                                                                                              

  1. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of some Swedish medicinal plants. Inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis and PAF-induced exocytosis
  2. Hypoglycemic activity of juniper “berries”
  3. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and different fractions of Juniperus communis L. and a comparison with some commercial antibiotics

Kawakawa seeds (Macropiper excelsum) (New Zealand)

Kawakawa seeds (Macropiper excelsum) (New Zealand)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Piperine
Cordycepin (3’-deoxyadenosine)
Diayangambin
Elemicin
Myristicin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874118327843
https://www.phytomed.co.nz/site/phytomed/Phil Rasmussen & Elizabeth Bedford R&D Autumn 2019.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Macropiper excelsum
  2. Cytotoxic Amides from Fruits of Kawakawa, Macropiper excelsum
  3. Kawakawa Fact Sheet

Kencur, galangal, kentjur (Kaempferia galanga)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Trans-p-methoxy-ethyl-cinnamate
Cis-p-methoxy- ethyl-cinnamate
Ethyl-cinnamate

Source:
http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-SPKX200506062.htm

                                                                                                              

  1. Antinociceptive activity of the methanolic extract of Kaempferia galanga Linn. in experimental animals
  2. Hypolipidemic effect ofAlpinia galanga (Rasna) andKaempferia galanga (Kachoori)
  3. Sedative activity of hexane extract of Keampferia galanga L. and its active compounds

Lavender (Lavandula spp.)

Lavender (Lavandula spp.)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

7-glycosides
8-hydroxylated flavone
7-and 8-glycosides
8-hydroxylated flavone 7- glycosides
Ferulic
Rosmarinic
p-coumaric
Caffeic
Quercetin
Apigenin
Kaempherol

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305197800000132
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14786419.2010.521502

                                                                                                              

  1. Neuroprotective effects of inhaled lavender oil on scopolamine-induced dementia via anti-oxidative activities in rats
  2. Effect of lavender oil (Lavandula angustifolia) on cerebral edema and its possible mechanisms in an experimental model of stroke
  3. Medicinal lavender modulates the enteric microbiota to protect against Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis
  4. Lavandula reduces heart injury via attenuating TNF-α and oxidative stress in a rat model of infarct-like myocardial injury
  5. The effect of pretreatment with different doses of Lavandula officinalis ethanolic extract on memory, learning and nociception

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis)

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Eriodictyol
4-Hydroxbenzoic acid
Gentisic acid
Caffeic acid
Ferulic Acid
Luteolin
Luteolin 7-0-B-D-Glucopyranoside
Apigenin
Luteolin 3′-O-β-d-glucuronide

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/733
https://ptfarm.pl/pub/File/Acta_Poloniae/2002/2/139.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0367326X99001185

                                                                                                              

  1. Regulation of obesity and lipid disorders by herbal extracts from Morus alba, Melissa officinalis, and Artemisia capillaris in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
  2. Melissa officinalis L. essential oil: antitumoral and antioxidant activities
  3. Neurotropic action of the hydroalcoholic extract of Melissa officinalis in the mouse

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus, C. flexuosus, and other Cymbopogon spp.)

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus, C. flexuosus, and other Cymbopogon spp.)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Eriodictyol
4-Hydroxbenzoic acid
Gentisic acid
Caffeic acid
Ferulic Acid
Luteolin
Luteolin 7-0-B-D-Glucopyranoside
Apigenin
Luteolin 3′-O-β-d-glucuronide

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/733
https://ptfarm.pl/pub/File/Acta_Poloniae/2002/2/139.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0367326X99001185

                                                                                                              

  1. Myrcene mimics the peripheral analgesic activity of lemongrass tea
  2. Cholesterol reduction and lack of genotoxic or toxic effects in mice after repeated 21-day oral intake of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil
  3. Pharmacology of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf). II. Effects of daily two month administration in male and female rats and in offspring exposed “in utero”
  4. Lemongrass effects on IL-1β and IL-6 production by macrophages

Licorice, liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

Licorice, liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Licochalcone C
Kanzonol Y
Glyinflanin B
Glycyrdione A
3-prenyl-2′,4,4′-trihydroxychalcone
(6aR, 11aR)-4-prenyl-3-hydroxy-9-methoxypterocarpan
Licoagrochalone A
Licoagrocarpin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S003194220000337X
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031942297005918

                                                                                                              

  1. Memory enhancing activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra in mice
  2. Antidepressant-like activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. in mouse models of immobility tests
  3. In vitro and in vivo antiallergic effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra and its components
  4. Effects Of Licorice Flavonoids And Liquiritin Apioside On Cigarette Smoke Extract Induced Cell Toxicity, IL-8 And MUC5AC MRNA Expression In The Human Small Airway Epithelial Cell NCI-H292

Locust beans (Parkia biglobosa)

Locust beans (Parkia biglobosa)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Gallic acid
Epigalocatechin
Catechin
Rutin

Source:
https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-0033-1352238
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2005290113001842

                                                                                                              

  1. Analgesic and antiinflammatory activities of an extract from Parkia biglobosa used in traditional medicine in the Ivory Coast
  2. Possible antidiabetic and antihyperlipidaemic effect of fermented Parkia biglobosa (JACQ) extract in alloxan‐induced diabetic rats
  3. The antisnake venom activities of Parkia biglobosa (Mimosaceae) stem bark extract

Lovage (Levisticum officinale)

Lovage (Levisticum officinale)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Kaempferol
Quercetin
Ferulic acid
Caffeic acid
Gallic acid monohydrate

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/751
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10942912.2010.498545

                                                                                                              

  1. Antimycobacterial polyacetylenes from Levisticum officinale
  2. The inhibitory effect of some Iranian plants extracts on the alpha glucosidase
  3. Chemical Composition and antiproliferative activity of essential oil from the leaves of a medicinal herb, Levisticum officinale, against UMSCC1 head and neck

Marjoram (Origanum majorana)

Marjoram (Origanum majorana)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Eriodictyol
Apigenin
Quercetin 3-O-Rutinoside
Gallic Acid
Caffeic acid
Ferulic Acid
P-Coumaric Acid

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/742

                                                                                                              

  1. Protective Effect of Origanum majorana L. ‘Marjoram’ on Various Models of Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats
  2. Effects of Origanum majorana L. on cadmium induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in albino rats.
  3. Phenolic and Triterpenoid Antioxidants from Origanum majorana L. Herb and Extracts Obtained with Different Solvents
  4. Mitotic Arrest and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells Induced by Origanum majorana Extract: Upregulation of TNF-α and Downregulation of Survivin and Mutant p53

Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus)

Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Myricetin
Genistein
Quercetin
Cyanidin 3‐O‐glucoside

Source:
https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/biof.5520280303
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/pca.627

                                                                                                              

  1. Hypotensive Effect of Pistacia lentiscus L
  2. Antiatherogenic effect of Pistacia lentiscus via GSH restoration and downregulation of CD36 mRNA expression
  3. The effect of Pistacia vera L. gum extract on oxidative damage during experimental cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats
  4. Anti-inflammatory Activity of Pistacia lentiscus Essential Oil: Involvement of IL-6 and TNF-α
  5. Pistacia lentiscus L. essential oil inhibits Cotton Pellet Granuloma in rats: involvement of IL-6 and TNF-alfa
  6. Pistacia lentiscus L. essential oil inhibits cotton pellet granuloma in rats: involvement of IL-6 and TNF-a

Mustard, brown, mustard plant, mustard seed (Brassica juncea)

Mustard, brown, mustard plant, mustard seed (Brassica juncea)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Isorhamnetin
Kaempferol
Quercetin glycosides
Isorhamnetin glycosides
Aglycone

Source:
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf052629x
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf0202133

                                                                                                              

  1. Effect of feeding Murraya koeingii and Brassica juncea diet kidney functions and glucose levels in streptozotocin diabetic mice
  2. Antidepressant-like effects of Brassica juncea L. leaves in diabetic rodents
  3. A study on antinociceptive and anti-hyperglycemic activity of methanol extract of Brassica Juncea (L.) Czern. leaves in mice

Mustard, white, mustard plant, mustard seed (Sinapis alba)

Mustard, white, mustard plant, mustard seed (Sinapis alba)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Anthocyanin
3,5-glycosides of anthocyanidins

Source:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00403037
http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/108/1/227.short
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-011-1884-2_26

                                                                                                              

  1. Novel mucilage fraction of Sinapis alba L.(mustard) reduces azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in F344 and Zucker obese rats
  2. Mustard seeds (Sinapis Alba Linn) attenuate azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis
  3. Mustard seed (Sinapis Alba Linn) attenuates imiquimod‐induced psoriasiform inflammation of BALB/c mice

Mustard, yellow (Brassica hirta = Sinapis alba)

Mustard, yellow (Brassica hirta = Sinapis alba)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Kaempferol
Apigenin
Quercetin
Luteolin

Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Carolyn_Lister/publication/268516193_Nutritional_attributes_of_Brassica_vegetables/links/546e86de0cf29806ec2eb695.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Phytotoxic effects of Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu and Fe on Sinapis alba L. seedlings and their accumulation in roots and shoots
  2. Effects of fusicoccin upon membrane potential resistance and current-voltage characteristics in root hairs of Sinapis alba
  3. Acaricidal Constituents Isolated from Sinapis alba L. Seeds and Structure− Activity Relationships

Nigella, kalonji, black caraway, black onion seed (Nigella sativa)

Nigella, kalonji, black caraway, black onion seed (Nigella sativa)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Kaempferol
Quercetin 3-(6-feruloylglucosyl)(1 → 2)galactosyl(1 → 2)glucoside
Trigillin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031942297002963
https://www.jstor.org/stable/24106109?seq=1

                                                                                                              

  1. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity of Nigella sativa
  2. Diuretic and hypotensive effects of Nigella sativa in the spontaneously hypertensive rat
  3. Effects of Nigella sativa fixed oil on blood homeostasis in rat
  4. Effectiveness of Cumin (Nigella Sativa) Extract on the Decrease of Il-6 Serum Level and P65 Placental NF-kB Expression in Preeclampsia Mice.
  5. Investigation of the Anti-inflammatory Properties of Iranian Nigella sativa L in Reducing the Expression of Pre-Inflammatory Cytokines of TNF-α and IL-18 in Human THP-1 Cells
  6. PERBANDINGAN PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BIJI JINTEN HITAM (NIGELLA SATIVA) TOPIKAL DENGAN DEXAMETHASONE TOPIKAL TERHADAP EKSPRESI TNF-α PADA KORNEA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (RATTUS NOVERGICUS) STRAIN WISTAR MODEL INFLAMASI

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans)

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Protocatechuic acid
Syringic acid
Caffeic acid
p-coumaric acid
Gallic Acid

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/831
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e7a9/334f526466c41779706267cde216735cfe20.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Hepatoprotective Effect of Myristicin from Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) on Lipopolysaccharide/d-Galactosamine-Induced Liver Injury
  2. Antiinflammatory effect of mace, aril of Myristica fragrans Houtt., and its active principles
  3. Anxiogenic activity of Myristica fragrans seeds
  4. Hepatocyte-protective effect of nectandrin B, a nutmeg lignan, against oxidative stress: Role of Nrf2 activation through ERK phosphorylation and AMPK-dependent inhibition of GSK-3β

Oregano (Origanum vulgare, O. heracleoticum, and other species)

Oregano (Origanum vulgare, O. heracleoticum, and other species)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Apigenin
Luteolin
Salvagenin
Cirsimartin
Diosmetin
Desmethoxycentauridin
5-hydroxy-6,7,3′,4′-tetramethoxy-abigenin
Apigenin 7-O-glucoside
Luteolin 7-O-glucoside
Luteolin 7-O-glucoside-6′′-methylester
Luteolin 7-O-α-L-rhamnoside-4′-O-β-D-glucoside
Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside-4′-O-α-L-rhamnoside

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/728
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14786410600898987

                                                                                                              

  1. Anti-hyperglycaemic activity of the aqueous extract of Origanum vulgare growing wild in Tafilalet region
  2. Dose‐dependent effect of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in 1, 2‐dimethylhydrazine‐induced rat colon carcinogenesis
  3. Antifungal activities of origanum oil against Candida albicans
  4. Protective and anti-inflammatory effects of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Origanum vulgare on oxidative stress, TNF-α gene expression and liver histological changes in paraquat-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
  5. (Origanum vulgare) Essentials Oils Show some In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects Based on Modifying Adipokine Secretion and Gene Expression on TNF-α

Orris root (Iris germanica, I. florentina, I. pallida)

Orris root (Iris germanica, I. florentina, I. pallida)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

5,2′-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6,7- methylenedioxyflavone
5,7,2′-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavanone
Irigenin
Iristectorigenin A
Nigricin
Nigricanin
Irisflorentin
Iriskumaonin methyl ether
Irilone
Iriflogenin
Irisolidone

Source:
https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/znc.2006.61.issue-1-2/znc-2006-1-211/znc-2006-1-211.xml
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/pca.1379

                                                                                                              

  1. Antibacterial and allelopathic activity of methanolic extract from Iris pseudopumila rhizomes
  2. Studies on Preparation of Bioactivity Parts of total Isoflavone Aglycones from Rhizoma Iridis Tectori
  3. Cancer chemopreventive in vitro activities of isoflavones isolated from Iris germanica

Paprika (Capsicum annuum)

Paprika (Capsicum annuum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Capsaicin
Luteolin
Quercetin
Trans-p-ferulylalcohol-4-O-(6-(2-methyl-3-hydroxypropionyl) glucopyranoside
Luteolin-7-O-(2-apiofuranosyl-4-glucopyranosyl-6-malonyl)-glucopyranoside
Trans-p-feruloyl-β-d-glucopyranoside
Trans-p-sinapoyl-β- d-glucopyranoside
Quercetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside
Luteolin 6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside-8-C-α-l-arabinopyranoside
Apigenin 6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside-8-C-α-l-arabinopyranoside
Luteolin 7-O-[2-(β-d-apiofuranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside]

Source:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1995.tb09806.x
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031942203002826

                                                                                                              

  1. Dietary capsanthin, the main carotenoid in paprika (Capsicum annuum), alters plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels and hepatic gene expression in rats
  2. Effect of red pepper Capsicum annuum var. conoides and garlic Allium sativum on plasma lipid levels and cecal microflora in mice fed beef tallow
  3. Prevention of N‐Methylnitrosourea‐Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats by Oxygenated Carotenoid Capsanthin and Capsanthin‐Rich Paprika Juice

Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)

Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Bergapten
Isopimpinellin
Psoralen
Xanthotoxin
Apigenin (1)
Apigenin-7-O-glucoside or cosmosiin (2)
Apigenin-7-O-apiosyl-(1→2)-O-glucoside or apiin (3)
coumarin 2″,3″-dihydroxy-furanocoumarin oxypeucedanin hydrate (4)

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/465
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1934578X1100600709

                                                                                                              

  1. Effect of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) on the skin of STZ induced diabetic rats
  2. Preliminary evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-hepatotoxic activities of’parsley’petroselinum crispum in rats
  3. Prevention of Experimentally-induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats by an Ethanolic Extract of “Parsley” Petroselinum crispum

Pepper, black, white, and green (Piper nigrum)

Pepper, black, white, and green (Piper nigrum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Piperine
Piperic acid
Quercetin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0023643812003209
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2221169115301520

                                                                                                              

  1. Antispermatogenic and antifertility effects of fruits of Piper nigrum L. in mice
  2. Antidepressant like effects of piperine in chronic mild stress treated mice and its possible mechanisms
  3. Effect of piperine on the inhibition of lung metastasis induced B16F-10 melanoma cells in mice

Pepper, long (Piper longum)

Pepper, long (Piper longum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Piperlonguminine
Bakuchiol
Bavachin
Isobavachalcone

Source:
http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/29884
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1076/phbi.39.3.236.5926
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bbb/74/7/74_100221/_article/-char/ja/

                                                                                                              

  1. Effects of Piper longum fruit, Piper sarmentosum root and Quercus infectoria nut gall on caecal amoebiasis in mice
  2. Protective effect of Piper longum L. on oxidative stress induced injury and cellular abnormality in adriamycin induced cardiotoxicity in rats
  3. Analgesic activity of Piper longum Linn. root
  4. Alkamides from Piper longum and Piper nigrum as Inhibitors of IL-6 action
  5. Piper longum Linn. Extract inhibits TNF-α-induced expression of cell adhesion molecules by inhibiting NF-κB activation and microsomal lipid peroxidation

Pepper, mountain, Cornish pepper leaf (Tasmannia lanceolata)

Pepper, mountain, Cornish pepper leaf (Tasmannia lanceolata)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Eugenol
Methyl eugenol
Gallic acid
Quercetin
Rutin
Lutein
Chlorogenic acid

Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ian_Cock/publication/264458548_The_phytochemistry_and_chemotherapeutic_potential_of_Tasmannia_lanceolata_Tasmanian_pepper_A_review/links/53e04d660cf27a7b830a3bb0/The-phytochemistry-and-chemotherapeutic-potential-of-Tasmannia-lanceolata-Tasmanian-pepper-A-review.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Natural antiulcerogenic agents: an overview
  2. The phytochemistry and chemotherapeutic potential of Tasmannia lanceolata (Tasmanian pepper): A review
  3. The potential of Tasmannia lanceolata as a natural preservative and medicinal agent: Antimicrobial activity and toxicity

Peppermint gum leaf (Eucalyptus dives)

Peppermint gum leaf (Eucalyptus dives)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Piperitone
Quercetin
Cyanidin-3-glucoside

Source:
http://www.publish.csiro.au/sb/SB9920095
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/17/8/9540/htm

                                                                                                              

  1. Antiradical and Anti-H2O2 Properties of Polyphenolic Compounds from an Aqueous Peppermint Extract
  2. A review of the bioactivity and potential health benefits of peppermint tea (Mentha piperita L.)
  3. Inhibitory effects of eucalyptus and banaba leaf extracts on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis induced by a high-fructose/high-glucose diet in rats

Poppy seed (Papaver somniferum)

Poppy seed (Papaver somniferum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Apigenin
Caffeic acid
O‐methyltransferases
Papaverine

Source:
http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPG8-0034-0028
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03937.x

                                                                                                              

  1. Anticarcinogenic effects of the essential oils from cumin, poppy and basil
  2. Isoquinoline alkaloids and keto-fatty acids of Argemone ochroleuca and A. mexicana (mexican poppy) seed. II. Concentrations tolerated by pigs
  3. Analytical study and analgesic activity of oripavine from Papaver somniferum L

Quassia (Quassia amara) bitter spice in aperitifs and some beers and fortified wines

Quassia (Quassia amara) bitter spice in aperitifs and some beers and fortified wines

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Apigenin
Quassin
2-methoxycanthin-6-one
Cimetidine

Source:
http://www.phcog.com/article.asp?issn=0973-1296;year=2009;volume=5;issue=20;spage=301;epage=305;aulast=Mansi
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajtcam/article/view/70357

                                                                                                              

  1. Evaluation of the analgesic and antiedematogenic activities of Quassia amara bark extract
  2. Antiulcerogenic activity of four extracts obtained from the bark wood of Quassia amara L.(Simaroubaceae)
  3. Antidiabetic Activity of Standardized Extract of Quassia amara in Nicotinamide–Streptozotocin‐induced Diabetic Rats

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Naringin
Apigenin
Cirsimaritin
Hispidulin
Vanillic Acid
Caffeic Acid
Rosmarinic acid
Catechin
Luteolin

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/734
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/744

                                                                                                              

  1. Antidepressant-like effect of the extract of Rosmarinus officinalis in mice: involvement of the monoaminergic system
  2. Protective effect of supercritical fluid rosemary extract, Rosmarinus officinalis, on antioxidants of major organs of aged rats
  3. Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Effects of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Essential Oil in Experimental Animal Models
  4. Rosemary Extract‐Mediated Lifespan Extension and Attenuated Oxidative Damage in Drosophila melanogaster Fed on High‐Fat Diet
  5. Suppression of COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α expression and leukocyte infiltration in inflamed skin by bioactive compounds from Rosmarinus officinalis L.

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), only for yellow color

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), only for yellow color

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Anhydrosafflor yellow B
Kaempferols, 9 and 13
Quercetin, 17
Monomeric
Dimeric
3-rutinosid

Source:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1271/bbb.64.1588?needAccess=true
https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/pdf/10.1055/s-2006-961460.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Effect of the carthamins yellow from Carthamus tinctorius L. on hemorheological disorders of blood stasis in rats
  2. Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Activities of Mogami-benibana (Safflower, Carthamus tinctorius Linne)
  3. Evaluation of the anti-myocardial ischemia effect of individual and combined extracts of Panax notoginseng and Carthamus tinctorius in rats
  4. Effects of Yukmi-jihwang-tang-Carthamus tinctorius L. Extracts Il-1β, TNF-α and INF-γ induced production of nitric oxide synthases and nitric oxide in mouse calvarial osteoblasts

Saffron (Crocus sativus)

Saffron (Crocus sativus)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Kaempferol 3,7,4′-O-triglucoside
Kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside
Kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside 7-O-glucoside
Aglycones

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/805
https://bmcplantbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2229-9-109

                                                                                                              

  1. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Crocus sativus L. stigma and petal extracts in mice
  2. Antidepressant effect of kaempferol, a constituent of saffron (Crocus sativus) petal, in mice and rats
  3. Effects of the active constituents of Crocus sativus L., crocins on recognition and spatial rats’ memory
  4. SAFFRON (CROCUS SATIVUS) AMELIORATES TNBS-INDUCED COLITIS IN RATS VIA DOWNREGULATION OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES TNF-α AND IL- 10, CASPASES-3 GENE EXPRESSION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS
  5. The Effects of Saffron (Crocus sativus) Aqueous Extract on TNF-α Levels in Liver, Kidney, and Lens Tissues of Diabetic Rats

Sage (Salvia officinalis)

Sage (Salvia officinalis)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Apigenin
Cirsimaritin
Hispidulin
Luteolin
Hydroxybenzoic acid
Hydroxycinnamic acid
4-hydroxyacetophenone 4-O-(6′-O-β-d-apiofuranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside
Luteolin 7-O-β-d-glucoside
7- and 3′-O-β-d-glucuronide
6-hydroxyluteolin 7-O-β-d-glucoside
7-O-glucuronide
6,8-di-C-β-d-glucosylapigenin (vicenin-2)

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/735
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031942200003095

                                                                                                              

  1. The drinking of a Salvia officinalis infusion improves liver antioxidant status in mice and rats
  2. Effect of Salvia officinalis L. leaves on serum glucose and insulin in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
  3. Antidiabetic effects of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) leaves in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
  4. Preventive effects of salvia officinalis leaf extract on insulin resistance and inflammation, in high fat diet-induced-obesity mice model

Saigon cinnamon (Cinnamomum loureiroi)

Saigon cinnamon (Cinnamomum loureiroi)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Cinnamic aldehyde
3‐methoxycinnamaldehyde
Cinnamaldehyde
Coumarin
Hydroxylcoumarin
Coumaric acid

Source:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jphp.13173
http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201311637860261.page

                                                                                                              

  1. Cinnamon Extract Enhances Glucose Uptake in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and C2C12 Myocytes by Inducing LKB1-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling
  2. Anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activities of hexane extracts from some Asian medicinal plants
  3. Cinnamon: Mystic powers of a minute ingredient

Sassafras (Sassafras albidum)

Sassafras (Sassafras albidum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin-3-O-glucoside
Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside
Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside
Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside
Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside
Kaempferol-3-O-dirhamnoside

Source:
https://open.library.ubc.ca/cIRcle/collections/ubctheses/831/items/1.0099290

                                                                                                              

  1. Sassafras albidum has been reported to have antineoplastic activity
  2. Sassafras tea: Using a traditional method of preparation to reduce the carcinogenic compound safrole
  3. Sassafras and herb tea

Savory, winter (Satureja montana)

Savory, winter (Satureja montana)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Benzoic acid
Cinnamic acid
Catechin
Epicatechin
Genistein
Daidzein
Glycitein

Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dragana_Cetojevic-Simin/publication/6406087_Antioxidative_and_antiproliferative_effects_of_Satureja_montana_L_extracts/links/0c960528b8ff67fc95000000.pdf
http://sfses.com/archive/history/pdf/09-2007 Nis/15-Flavonoids in plants.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Protective effect of Satureja montana extract on cyclophosphamide-induced testicular injury in rats
  2. An update on pharmacology of Satureja species; from antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetes and anti-hyperlipidemic to reproductive stimulation
  3. Effects of winter savory (satureja montana l.) on peripheral body temperature of people who experience a ‘Feeling of Cold'(Hie-Sho)

Sesame Seed, Black Sesame Seed Shiso (Perilla frutescens var. crispa leaves)

Sesame Seed, Black Sesame Seed Shiso (Perilla frutescens var. crispa leaves)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Rosmarinic acid
Gallic acid
Rutin

Source:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02250.x

                                                                                                              

  1. Sesame seed lignans and γ-tocopherol act synergistically to produce vitamin E activity in rats
  2. Sesamin is one of the major precursors of mammalian lignans in sesame seed (Sesamum indicum) as observed in vitro and in rats
  3. Effect of sesame seeds rich in sesamin and sesamolin on fatty acid oxidation in rat liver
  4. Perilla Frutescens targets intestinal permeability
    In vitro study on TNF-α stress-induced barrier dysfunction in intestinal epithelial cells

Silphium, silphion, laser, laserpicium, sorado Sorrel (Rumex acetosa)

Silphium, silphion, laser, laserpicium, sorado Sorrel (Rumex acetosa)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Chrysophanol
Emodin
Physicon
Quercetin 3-glucuronide
Kaempferol 3-glucuronide
Vitexin
Isovitexin
Orientin
Isoorientin
Apigenin
Luteolin
Vitexin

Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nabiel_Saleh/publication/229101753_Flavonoids_and_anthraquinones_of_some_Egyptian_Rumex_species_Polygonaceae/links/5ac691c40f7e9bcd51931d4f/Flavonoids-and-anthraquinones-of-some-Egyptian-Rumex-species-Polygonaceae.pdf
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/cpb1958/13/12/13_12_1470/_article/-char/ja/

                                                                                                              

  1. Phenolic compounds from Allium schoenoprasum, Tragopogon pratensis and Rumex acetosa and their antiproliferative effects
  2. Pharmacologically mechanistic basis for the traditional uses of Rumex acetosa in gut motility disorders and emesis
  3. Biosynthesis of Stable Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Aqueous Extracts of Hordeum vulgare and Rumex acetosa Plants

Spearmint (Mentha spicata)

Spearmint (Mentha spicata)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

5-Caffeoylquinic acid
Caffeic acid
Rosmarinic acid
Catechin
Epicatechin
Rutin
Myricetin
Luteolin
Apigenin
Naringenin

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/764
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960308510000325

                                                                                                              

  1. Effect of spearmint (Mentha spicata Labiatae) teas on androgen levels in women with hirsutism
  2. Anti-inflammatory activity of four solvent fractions of ethanol extract of Mentha spicata L. investigated on acute and chronic inflammation induced rats
  3. Spearmint herbal tea has significant anti‐androgen effects in polycystic ovarian syndrome. a randomized controlled trial

Spikenard (Nardostachys grandiflora or N. jatamansi)

Spikenard (Nardostachys grandiflora or N. jatamansi)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Lupeol
β-sitosterol
Gallic acid
Quercetin

Source:
https://bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-015-0563-1

                                                                                                              

  1. Sedative effects of vapor inhalation of agarwood oil and spikenard extract and identification of their active components
  2. Nardostachys jatamansi Improves Learning and Memory in Mice
  3. A review on spikenard (Nardostachys jatamansi DC.)-An ‘endangered’essential herb of India

Star anise (Illicium verum)

Star anise (Illicium verum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Protocatechuic acid
Caffeic acid
Anethole
Gallic acid
Quercetin
Aglycones

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/835
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.843.1531&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/bioe.24435

                                                                                                              

  1. Effects of dietary cabbage, Brussels sprouts, Illicium verum, Schizandra chinensis and alfalfa on the benzo [a] pyrene metabolic system in mouse liver
  2. Topical application of an ethanol extract prepared from Illicium verum suppresses atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice
  3. Herbal medicine and epilepsy: proconvulsive effects and interactions with antiepileptic drugs
  4. Anethole prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis and collagen metabolism alterations in human skin fibroblasts
  5. Illicium verum extract inhibits TNF-α- and IFN-γ-induced expression of chemokines and cytokines in human keratinocytes

Sweet woodruff (Galium odoratum)

Sweet woodruff (Galium odoratum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Coumarin
Asperuloside
Monotropein

Source:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3764671/

                                                                                                              

  1. Antioxidant and burn healing potential of Galium odoratum extractso
  2. Galium odoratum
  3. Hepatoprotective effects of Berberis lycium, Galium and Pistacia integerrima in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated rats

Szechuan pepper, Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum)

Szechuan pepper, Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercitrin
Hyperoside
Quercetin
Afzelin
Hesperidin
Protocatechuic acid

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814605008149
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1271/bbb.68.1984
http://www.papersearch.net/thesis/article.asp?key=1796580

                                                                                                              

  1. Glycoprotein of Zanthoxylum piperitum DC has a hepatoprotective effect via anti-oxidative character in vivo and in vitro
  2. Zanthoxylum piperitum DC ethanol extract suppresses fat accumulation in adipocytes and high fat diet-induced obese mice by regulating adipogenesis
  3. Human acyl-CoA: Cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitory activities of aliphatic acid amides from Zanthoxylum piperitum DC.

Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Luteolin
Isorhamnetin
Kaempferol
Quercetin

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/774

                                                                                                              

  1. Anticonvulsant activity and chemical composition of Artemisia dracunculus L. essential oil
  2. High-fat diet-induced neuropathy of prediabetes and obesity: effect of PMI-5011, an ethanolic extract of Artemisia dracunculus L.
  3. Improved absorption and bioactivity of active compounds from an anti-diabetic extract of Artemisia dracunculus L

Thyme (Thymus vulgaris)

Thyme (Thymus vulgaris)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Hispidulin
Luteolin
Caffeic Acid
Rosmarinic acid

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/736

                                                                                                              

  1. Dietary supplementation of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil during the lifetime of the rat: its effects on the antioxidant status in liver, kidney and heart tissues
  2. Effects of thymol and carvacrol, constituents of Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil, on the inflammatory response
  3. Antioxidant properties of Thymus vulgaris oil against aflatoxin-induce oxidative stress in male rats
  4. The Application of Medicinal Plants in Traditional and Modern Medicine: A Review of Thymus vulgaris
  5. ThymusvulgarisExtract Effect on Blood TNF-α and IL-10 Level and Bacterial Colonies in Escherichia coliInfected Mice Urinary Bladder

Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Quercetin
Dihydroquercetin 7-O-β-D-glucoside
Quercetin–3-O-α-L-rhap-(1→2)-[α-L-rhap-(1→6)]-β-D-galactopyranoside
3-O-α-L-rhap-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside
3-O-α-L-rhap-(1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside
3-O-α-L-rhap-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside

Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Wai_Joanne-Kam/post/Does_Total_Flavonoid_Content_determination_requires_Potassium_Acetate_as_reagents_when_Quercetin_is_used_as_standard_compound/attachment/59d6238a6cda7b8083a1e32b/AS:336860632109058@1457325241359/download/Screening+of+Total+Phenolic+and+Flavonoid+Content+in+Conventional+and+Non-conventional+Species+of+Curcuma.pdf
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1934578X1501000117

                                                                                                              

  1. Effect of dietary turmeric (Curcuma longa) on iron-induced lipid peroxidation in the rat liver
  2. Behavioral, neurochemical and neuroendocrine effects of the ethanolic extract from Curcuma longa L. in the mouse forced swimming test
  3. Anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin, a major constituent of Curcuma longa: a review of preclinical and clinical research.
  4. Effect of curcumin (Curcuma longa extract) on LPS-induced acute lung injury is mediated by the activation of AMPK
  5. Curcuma longa inhibits TNF-α induced expression of adhesion molecules on human umbilical vein endothelial cells
  6. A hot water extract of Curcuma longa inhibits adhesion molecule protein expression and monocyte adhesion to TNF-α-stimulated human endothelial cells

Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia)

Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Vanillin
Violacein
Valine
p-hydroxybenzylalcohol glucoside
Glucovanillin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S098194281300421X
https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.01928.x
https://bmcplantbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2229-10-82

                                                                                                              

  1. Vanillin as an antioxidant in rat liver mitochondria: inhibition of protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation induced by photosensitization
  2. Evaluation of antidepressant activity of vanillin in mice
  3. DNA protective properties of vanillin against γ-radiation under different conditions: possible mechanisms

Wasabi (Wasabia japonica)

Wasabi (Wasabia japonica)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Isovitexin
Plastoquinone-9
6-O-acyl-β-d-glucosyl-β-sitosterol
Gluconasturtiin
Sinigrin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0040402005007441
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf048264i

                                                                                                              

  1. Anti-obesity effects of hot water extract from Wasabi (Wasabia japonica Matsum.) leaves in mice fed high-fat diets
  2. Effect of wasabi leafstalk (Wasabia japonica MATSUM.) extract on bone metabolism in mouse calvaria tissue culture
  3. Antiplatelet and anticancer isothiocyanates in Japanese domestic horseradish, wasabi

Water-pepper, smartweed (Polygonum hydropiper)

Water-pepper, smartweed (Polygonum hydropiper)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyloxy-3′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone
3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone
6-hydroxyapigenin; 6″-O-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl) 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-3′
4′, 5, 7-tetrahydroxyflavone
Scutillarein
6-hydroxyluteolin
3′,4′,5,6,7-pentahydroxyflavone
6-hydroxyluteolin-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside
Quercetin 3-O-β-d-glucuronide
2″-O-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl) quercitrin
Quercetin

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031942202005046

                                                                                                              

  1. Effect of Chromatographic Fractions of Polygonum hydropiper Linn.(Roots) on Fertility in Female Albino Rats
  2. In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Polygonum hydropiper methanol extract
  3. Antinociceptive activity of Polygonum hydropiper

Watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquatica)

Watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquatica)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Kaempferol
Quercetin
Gallic acid
Epicatechin

Source:
http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/food/466
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0717345818300150

                                                                                                              

  1. Effects of watercress consumption on metabolism of a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen in smokers.
  2. Chemoprevention of cancer by isothiocyanates, modifiers of carcinogen metabolism
  3. Inhibition of chlorzoxazone metabolism, a clinical probe for CYP2E1, by a single ingestion of watercress

Wattleseed (Acacia Victoriae)

Wattleseed (Acacia Victoriae)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Succinic
Gallic acids
Kaempferol

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814611007175
https://researchoutput.csu.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/9306771/26664

                                                                                                              

  1. Triterpenoid saponins from Acacia victoriae (Bentham) decrease tumor cell proliferation and induce apoptosis
  2. Avicins: triterpenoid saponins from Acacia victoriae (Bentham) induce apoptosis by mitochondrial perturbation
  3. Avicins, a family of triterpenoid saponins from Acacia victoriae (Bentham), suppress H-ras mutations and aneuploidy in a murine skin carcinogenesis model
  4. Anti-Obesity and Anti-Diabetic Effects of Acacia Polyphenol in Obese Diabetic KKAy Mice Fed High-Fat Diet

Wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum)

Wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Aglycones
Rosmarinic acid
Quercetin
Eriocitrin
Luteolin-7-O-glucoside
Apigenin-7-O-glucoside
Luteolin
Apigenin

Source:
https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=9jnpVP6fvUIC&oi=fnd&pg=PA144&dq=”Thymus+serpyllum”+flavonoid&ots=h1WEznfYlq&sig=cBs3r7ngoqOh8wp5QiYjBTTrJEA#v=onepage&q=”Thymus serpyllum” flavonoid&f=false
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09637480601108307

                                                                                                              

  1. Impact of thymol in thyme extracts on their antispasmodic action and ciliary clearance
  2. Hypoglycemic and hematological effects of aqueous extract of Thymus serpyllum Linn. in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits
  3. Review of ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological study of Thymus serpyllum L.

Willow herb (Epilobium parviflorum)

Willow herb (Epilobium parviflorum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Trolox
Ascorbic acid
Oenothein B (OeB)
Quercetin-3-O-glucuronide
Myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside

Source:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0731708508005475
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0944711310003338

                                                                                                              

  1. Chemical Composition and in Vitro Antioxidant Evaluation of Commercial Water-Soluble Willow Herb (Epilobium angustifolium L.) Extracts
  2. Antioxidant and antiinflammatory effect of Epilobium parviflorum Schreb.
  3. Anti-proliferative effect on a prostatic epithelial cell line (PZ-HPV-7) by Epilobium angustifolium L.

Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens)

Wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Procyanidins
Quercetin 3-O-glucuronide
Caffeoylquinic acids
Epicatechin
Miquelianin
Procyanidin A-type trimer
Oleanolic acid
Methyl benzoate

Source:
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/19/12/20498
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1874390016303524
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/3/412

                                                                                                              

  1. Variation in polyphenolic profile and in vitro antioxidant activity of eastern teaberry (Gaultheria procumbens L.) leaves following foliar development
  2. Methods on the content and antiradical activity of polyphenols from fruits Actinidia arguta, Crataegus monogyna, Gaultheria procumbens and Schisandra chinensis
  3. The determination of salicylates in Gaultheria procumbens for use as a natural aspirin alternative

Woodruff (Galium odoratum) Galium odoratum)

Woodruff (Galium odoratum)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Coumarins
o-coumaric acid
Glucoside
Iridoids asperulosiode
Monotropein
Scandoside

Source:
https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/acph.2010.60.issue-1/v10007-010-0006-y/v10007-010-0006-y.pdf

                                                                                                              

  1. Antioxidant and burn healing potential of Galium odoratum extracts

Wormwood, absinthe (Artemisia absinthium)

Wormwood, absinthe (Artemisia absinthium)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Absinthin
Quercetin
Chlorogenic acid
Gallic acid
Catechin
Luteolin
Apigenin

Source:
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf1022059
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jsfa.1950
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0926669013002835
https://bmcchem.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1752-153X-6-97

                                                                                                              

  1. Preventive and curative effects of Artemisia absinthium on acetaminophen and CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity
  2. Study of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity from plant extracts of Lactuca scariola and Artemisia absinthium
  3. Neuroprotective effect of Artemisia absinthium L. on focal ischemia and reperfusion-induced cerebral injury

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Apigenin
Luteolin
Centaureidin
Casticin
Artemetin
Paulitin
Isopaulitin
Psilostachyin C
Sintenin
Desacetylmatricarin

Source:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.2697
https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-0031-1296755

                                                                                                              

  1. Antispermatogenic effect of Achillea millefolium L. in mice
  2. Safety and antiulcer efficacy studies of Achillea millefolium L. after chronic treatment in Wistar rats
  3. The effect of Achillea millefolium extract on spermatogenesis of male Wistar rats

Zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria)

                                                                                                              

Primary Polyphenols / Flavonoids

Curcumenol
Dihydrocurdione
Gallic acid
Quercetin

Source:
https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/znc.2006.61.issue-1-2/znc-2006-1-202/znc-2006-1-202.xml
https://bmcchem.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13065-017-0324-y

                                                                                                              

  1. Anti-angiogenesis effect of essential oil from Curcuma zedoaria in vitro and in vivo
  2. Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.(white turmeric): a review of its chemical, pharmacological and ethnomedicinal properties
  3. Evaluation of antinociceptive, in-vivo & in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Curcuma zedoaria rhizome
  4. A Curcuminoid and Sesquiterpenes as Inhibitors of Macrophage TNF-α Release from Curcuma zedoaria
size

100g
concentration

200:1, 20:1

17 reviews for SPICE BLEND (Polyphenol Powerhouse)

  1. Rich Ryan –

    I’ve been taking Interstellar Blends for about 4 yrs now. Have experienced a lot of physical, mental, and emotional health improvements in that time. Now I don’t know how I ever survived without it.
    It took me awhile to understand why I should add Spice blend to my regimen. Here’s the reason: Spices contain large amounts of a micronutrient group called Polyphenols, which we never get enough of in our diet. Polyphenols are some of the most important micronutrients that exist. Micronutrients are a new area in science, and they haven’t even identified most of them yet, let alone understood their importance and how much we should be getting of them. Polyphenols have huge antioxidant properties, which helps the body stay healthy, and prevents the formation of chronic health conditions like diabetes, cancer, heart disease etc. Basically if you are taking huge doses of Polyphenols and Flavonoids (in Peel blend), then it’s much more unlikely that you’ll develop chronic disease, and much more likely that you’ll stay healthy and happy into old age. Or if you’ve already gotten sick, then Spice and Peel blend will help your body heal itself that much more. There’s nothing in nature that contains Polyphenols in such a concentrated form as Spice blend. Taking a teaspoon of 20:1 Spice is like consuming 5-10 large dishes of very heavily spiced food. It makes getting a huge dose of Polys very easy. When I take it, I feel an increased sense of balance, like I’ve just done something very good for myself. My body feels peaceful and calm. Spice and Peel blend are a powerful combo. I’ll be taking them with Trinity and the Add-Ons from here on out.
    It’s great stuff and a very valuable addition to the Interstellar lineup.
    Gavin keeps on developing new blends that knock it out of the park!

  2. Carol Haozous –

    Spice is my favorite blend as it has attributed to aiding my digestion and helped in clearing up a blister I’ve had on my gum for a very long time. I kept it at bay with essential oil-clove but when I used the spice daily, the whole blister is now gone and I haven’t had anymore issues with my oral health

  3. Rich Ryan –

    Wanted to share that I’ve experienced a significant decrease in my heart disease symptoms over the last year since I doubled my Spice/Peel intake. I can tell the main blockage on my Widow Maker artery on the back of my heart, that I’ve been carrying for over 15 years, has shrunk significantly. The proof is that when I have a bad day and eat all kinds of crap that I shouldn’t eat, I experience almost no symptoms from it. A year ago I would’ve almost died from eating all that garbage. Now, almost nothing.
    Also, my depression is pretty much gone since starting Apigenin, Luteolin, and supplementing with Mag, Zinc and Lithium. 1/4 tsp API, 1/2 tsp Lut, 4 caps Mag and Zinc, 10 drops Lithium. Twice a day for all.
    My Spice/Peel intake is 2 tsp 20:1, 1/2 tsp 200:1. I alternate between 20:1 and 200:1. Usually do one of them 20:1 and the other 200:1, and switch it up every month or two. Take one in the morning, the other in the evening.
    So Gavin has hit on the cure for arterial blockages as well. Amazing stuff!

  4. jis –

    i will start of by saying how pleasantly surprised and absolutely amazed i was literally after ten minutes of taking the matcha, peel and spice blends. i felt like a switch came on in my head. i had been suffering adrenal fatigue and lack of motivation for quite a number of years now. within ten minutes of taking the products all of that changed and i was back to doing housework and not dwelling on all that could go wrong. my outlook on life immediately changed for the better again as of taking these products four days now.
    i was referred to Gavin by a friend of mines to see if he would be able to help with some health issues my daughter is facing as well. as of the past four days i have renewed hope for health recovery for my daughter. she has suffered chronic constipation ever since she was a baby and on first day taking the above mentioned products and luteolin she had a bowel movement on her own and another that night. i kid you not. she has also been way more calm and sleeping great. i have started telling so many other people about Gavin’s products just based on the experiences of my daughter and i over the past four days. these products trump any and every supplement i have tried for either of us. worth its weight in gold these products are.
    i would also like to add that Gavin has been very kind to my daughter and myself. after spending lots of money by many specialist with not much improvement in my daughter it was quite a shock to me to have someone whose motivation was not money but rather to help. it was on one of my lowest days that i reached out to Gavin and after speaking with him i felt great relief. he is quite a no nonsense straight shooting type of guy and lets his products speak for themselves. i cannot begin to fathom how much time he spends doing proper research to develop and back his products.
    i keep saying to others i have found a new way to live rather than walking around depressed i truly feel like i got my youthful vitality and energy back. i am at peace knowing with these products and others i intend to add that our lives are going to be great and i do not say that lightly but rather genuinely. hats off to you Gavin and thanks again for choosing to care when so many others have made the choice to take advantage of those who are seeking to better their health.

  5. George Osarrah –

    This blend is absolutely INCREDIBLE! I have noticed several things from taking spice regularly…consistent digestion, clearer skin, healthier nail growth, regulated hunger and weight loss. I have had ridges in my nail for years, and they are virtually gone (about 90% at least). This is from taking spice for a little less than 3 months. After this period of going to my doctor, my cholesterol was reduced by about 35 points total. Of all the products and natural remedies being sought out from naturopaths, accupuncturists, nutritionists and more, this is by far the most incredible investment I have made toward my health and well being. Uncertain if this is coincidence or not, but my immunity seems to be stronger and capable of fighting off infections quicker and resistant to bacterial and viral infections. I am now taking spice along with other blends and I feel incredible energy, alertness and restful sleep at night better than I have in several years. I just feel well! Thank you for this blend, I am officially a lifetime and exclusive customer!

  6. Stephanie –

    So this blend has cured my morning sickness in early pregnancy. I get so sick for a couple months that i can’t even function in daily life. I noticed this pregnancy that my morning sickness wasn’t that bad, which is odd because this is my 4th and it’s always the same. One day i didn’t take the spice and by midday I was so sick, vomiting/nausea/etc. I realized I forgot to take the spice in the morning. I took it, and 20 min later, I WAS BACK TO NORMAL. It’s actually incredible.

  7. Paul Benson (verified owner) –

    A little backstory on my review—I’m turning 33 this next month and for the past 17.5 years, I’ve had a condition called Prinzmetal Angina (also known as Variant Angina)—it’s where the coronary arteries spasm, and it hurts. Bad. The first heart attack I had was when I was 15. I passed out on the way to the hospital and recovery never fully happened. But I was hopeful back then. I went to doctor after doctor and had just about every type of test done.

    I had constant pain, but then an extra bad spasm would come along, and it would leave me unable to do anything for hours. Nitroglycerin became my new buddy—but for some reason, I’m super sensitive to medicines and so the headache from the nitro would lay me out just like the pain from the arterial spasming. Still, I managed to be active. Back then, despite being in constant pain, I was still able to keep my strength up. I tried medicine after medicine, but the relief never came.

    If you’ve suffered from Prinzmetal, you know what I’m talking about. After a while, you do your best to ignore the pain and try and get on with your life.

    Well, then in 2016 I suffered a major heart attack 1500 miles away from home. And I never got better. There were a few times trying various products I’d get some relief and I’ll tell you what—even a bit of relief helps and feels like a godsend when the pain won’t stop. I spent a lot of money on supplements, medicines, and doctors, but the pain would come back. And it kept getting worse. And when a particularly bad episode would come on, it would leave me exhausted to the point where I couldn’t function—and the frequency of these kept increasing to several times a week.

    Now, looking at me, you’d think I was in great shape. I kept myself trim and looked good—but man, I didn’t feel it.

    October 2019 came, and I had another heart attack. I couldn’t get out of bed for five days—and the resulting nausea didn’t leave. After a few weeks when I could get around almost normally, the ick feeling never left.
    Guys, it was bad. I tried to have a positive attitude and not complain—but if I’m being honest, I didn’t think I’d make it to 35. Forty was out of the question. And when my wife would talk about some of the dreams we’d had—I couldn’t help but feel an empty pit because the reality of another heart attack was looming right around the corner, and I’d already flirted with death too many times.
    If this sounds dramatic—it’s not. It’s just how it was.

    But then, I came back to this website and decided to try Spice. Keep in mind, I’ve tried so many medicines and so many supplements, I can’t even count them anymore.

    I’d read up on polyphenols thanks to some other products that had helped (just not to the degree I needed), and I knew there was a lot of untapped potential with polyphenols. A few years back, I took a mix of Supernova and fulvic acid and it cured me of depression, so I knew Gavin’s products were good. Plus, he was also a stud and was always helpful in answering questions. But also, I hadn’t had a ton of extra cash because of my health problems, so I waited to try more of his products. That was a mistake on my part. I mean, good night, one doctor visit costs more than a pack of Spice—

    So let me tell you what happened.

    I took a half a teaspoon of the 20:1 Spice. Like I’ve said a bunch, I’ve tried so many different products that I figured I probably wouldn’t be able to tell a difference until after a week, maybe two, but whatever, I’d give it a shot.

    But holy shit.

    Twenty minutes or so later—on my first damn dose—the huge pressure in my chest lifted. No joke. Gone. The constant nausea and ick I’d had just melted away. I couldn’t believe it. It was like I’d taken a shot of nitro without feeling like I’d just offered my head for batting practice. But that’s not even fully accurate because for the first time in YEARS I actually felt GOOD.

    I kid you not, I had forgotten what it felt like to feel good. I didn’t think it was possible for me anymore. (Maybe this is too much info, but even after sex, my heart arteries would spasm so bad any pleasure was ripped away.)

    Now, around six hours later, I began to feel a dip, so, I took my second dose—and my body started to tingle like little points of light were shimmering inside me—and I felt good.

    The second day, I had so much energy I was able to reroof my sunroom, something I physically hadn’t been able to do for years. And I still had energy to spare. In fact, I had more energy in my 30s than I did as a teenager.

    After about a week of use—I kept feeling good, and honestly, when I was telling my wife about it, I started to cry. I had lost hope that I would ever feel good again, and the thought of living another twenty years in such ragged shape just filled me with dread.

    If you’ve ever had chronic, debilitating pain, you know what I’m talking about.

    After about a month of use, I still felt great. All of the other products that I’d taken would peter out around the three to four week mark.

    But with Spice—I kept feeling better.

    Gavin, I’m serious, I feel like you’ve saved my life. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you.

    And guys—if you have heart problems—please take Spice. It’s made all the difference for me—and I feel like now for the first time in over a decade, I can get my life back.

  8. jason reinhart (verified owner) –

    Ok so lets be real most supplements you’re kinda like is it worth me wasting my hard earned dough u know having the extra dough will lead to less stress down the road maybe you invest in some bullshit stocks and in time are richer right? But you gotta live your life and doing things for your health is not unwise. So I look for a few things to do to get the most benefit with least effort and then get on with the rest of it…

    alright okay well I discovered this Gavin dude into nutrition and decided to try his blends here and also some of his protocols. Now whats interesting is actually everything Gavin does recommend for health is pretty darn good stuff like I have done intermittent fasting and that really works… I have done Keto and that shit works… I have taken up a few cardio and prayer and meditation practices and that shit makes me feel better… they work…

    so was there really something I could pay a little money have the confidence in the seller and believe i’m actually getting benefits and maybe even notice some benefits through my own experience? Turns out yes. Queue fastingblends.net the seller is a dude on a mission to provide quality and has a win win attitude honest and truthful about nutrition and what it can and cant’ do for ya and so I tried the blends a few of them and I notice something… I also like that there is so much stuff included and that this Gavin guy does the research for me, I figure i’m covering a lot of bases here without having to buy 80 supplements right ok so the truth though is I do notice a certain amount of clarity and stress reduction, its very hard to notice any supplement benefits usually but I mix mine with 212 degree hot water and plop in two hibiscus tea bags (cause I got high blood pressure and stress myself out sometimes and that helps with that too and it tastes pretty sweet) and bam as long as i’m doing other things I feel like i’ve got shit covered health wise and I notice a certain clarity and flow that (hey maybe it partly is placebo cause I got so much confidence in the seller doing the work and research for me) but also part real I do notice it so you can’t knock it people this is worth a try, now the only thing is I suppose Gavin could be a master con artist just pretending to be honest up and up and actually slippin something psychoactive in there, I mean that is possible I haven’t done the spectrometer tests or whatever so if someone does and find outs send me an email jayreinhart@icloud.com i’ll eat the crow to know… but all in all I think its actually just good vibes good work and good product and think you should try it too for real.. I recommend the spice and peel blends the most to start.

  9. Lori S (verified owner) –

    I’ve been taking these herbs for about a year and have experienced many great improvements in health. However I want to brag on Spice and Peel. In addition to helping chronic joint pain personally, my son had a great experience last week. He had an allergic reaction to something in the salad he ate and his throat was getting pretty itchy. He didn’t want to take benedryl because he had to work the rest of the day. I texted Gavin about what blends would help and he IMMEDIATELY texted back to try both Spice and Peel and what amounts. Within a few minutes my son’s discomfort level went from a 6 To a 3 on a scale of 1-10. One more dose with some Luteolin took it to a 1 and he was good for the rest of the day. Thank you Gavin for your blends and for caring enough to text back immediately with help. I’m so impressed with these herbs and with the attention Gavin gives to me as a customer with amazing products and incredible customer service.

  10. Ann Stiefel –

    I CANT THANK YOU ENOUGH! One month ago I broke a rib processing firewood. I’m 59 years old, and have been healthy and active all my life. I lift, train with kettle bells, and have 20 years of martial arts experience, Aikido, Kendo and Karate. I’m no stranger to pain. I’ve recently been struggling with rheumatoid arthritis, as if the broken rib pain weren’t enough. ALL my joints ached, and the busted rib made it hard to breathe, and sleep, or cough. NOTHING HELPED, not meds, not edibles, not my hot tub or massage. Then I found this site.
    Gavin recommended I try Spice and Peel for their anti inflammatory pain relieving properties. My order couldn’t get to me fast enough! In LESS THAN A WEEK it arrived! I did exactly what the directions said and gradually increased my dose. Took it three times a day and gradually, within 5 days or so, my rib pain was GONE! Seriously? My Dr. said it would be 6 to 8 weeks! In addition, my arthritis pain and joint aches disappeared. Seriously. Now here’s the good part. I wanted to see if it was all in my head, if this stuff was REALLY helping me to that degree, so I stopped taking the blends for a few days. Bad move. Mind you, I’m eat paleo keto. I take top of the line supplements. Clean, no booze, no weed, no meds. The only thing I did different was stop the blends. My rib is fine, healed, no pain. But the RA came back with a vengeance. My joints were on fire, hips, hands, shoulders all ache like hell. I had to be sure. I will NEVER DO THAT AGAIN.
    Moral of the story is this stuff is the real deal. Believe it. Peel and Spice changed my life. I’m never going without ever again. Ever. Thank you Gavin! I know I’ll live longer now and my QUALITY OF LIFE will be so much better. I’m forever in your debit.

  11. Hasan –

    Wow! Where do I start. I bought the combo package and it has been mind blowing. After 3 weeks of taking the blends, my nose that has been blocked for like 6 years now has finally opened which is a weird feeling as I’ve been just been used to it being blocked all the time. My hayfever and allergies have gone which was perfect timing with me playing sport outdoors in the summer, usually I have to take tablets and nose sprays just to get through the day. Peel and Splice together have been my magic combo for this and it’s amazing knowing that the detox with fasting is drastically improving my health and longevity. I will defitenly be long term customer, I appreciate all the work you’re doing Gavin and can’t wait to continue seeing the effects of the blends.

  12. Dana M Beaurem (verified owner) –

    I’m a big user of the blends and have always been delighted with the results. I appreciate the ingredients and the time taken to study the benefits. With all that is going on in the world these days, it’s nice to use natural products that will help boost my immune system to insure I am as healthy as I can be. I have several blends that are my favorite but this review is about Spice and Peel and how these blends help me get rid of chronic hive.

    I am an advocate of anything that will help better my inside and outside. Over the past year, I have developed chronic haves and had started taking steroid to clean up the hives because they were absolutely unbearable. A few weeks ago I have another outbreak and decided to mega dose on Peel and Spice and not take any prescribed medication given by my doctor. In a day, I started noticing the hives were not as bad as they were when I wasn’t taking the blend. Within a weeks’ time, I noticed that my skin looks absolutely amazing and I have been asked lately why am I glowing. My sister even asked if I was wearing makeup. I work and extremely stressful job and my hives were so bad that I could not sleep or do any of my daily activities; I started relying on my doctor…WHAT THE HELL WAS I THINKING? I thought I’d better get back on my blends to see how fast I would get results. It was a week and there were no hives. Yes, yes, yes!!!!!

    Today, I started 88/8 dry fasting so I am back on the regular dose of over 8 different blends but a few weeks ago, I started taking Peel and Spice. I was putting it in my teas, on my salad, and I even started taking a shot 3 times a day. All I can say is A-MAZ-ING!!! I will be 50 in June and I look and feel GREAT!!!! I am glad I have my blends available when I need them.

    Peel & Spice are like peanut butter and Jelly to a kid. LOL. I can’t deny the fact that these are two of my best blend. The best part is they do wonders for my skin and has helped get rid of these annoying hives. There’s no strong/bad taste at all and it’s definitely improved the quality of my health. I’m back feeling so energized; I’m very satisfied; again. I totally recommend Peel and Spice as a combo because the two together is working magic. I hate when I go out of town and I leave my blends at home, I can tell the different in how I feel and how I look. I am thinking about sharing some with my niece who suffers from eczema in hopes my sister would buy her own and not rely on meds from the doctor. I can’t wait to go back to see my doctor; if I go back; to tell him that I don’t need another steroid shot. Thank goodness.

    I am super excited to say that I am back on my blends and I feel absolutely great. Oh!! I forgot to mention that I can manage my stressors much better as well.

  13. Courtney –

    I am just getting over covid (didn’t get tested but had all the classic symptoms). The first week was lots of ups and downs with body aches, but not too bad. In the second week it got a lot more intense, with persistent lung and sinus inflammation that made it very hard to breathe. This would spike my adrenaline and I was barely able to sleep for several days in a row, which wreaked havoc on me physically and emotionally. On day 9 of the sickness I got in touch with Gavin, and he suggested megadosing Peel and Spice (3-6 tsp daily), and taking Luteolin, Victorious (the anti-viral blend) and Senolytic. I started doing all this, as well as eating as low glycemic as possible with my weird appetite at the time, and started feeling some inflammation relief within a couple of days. I kept up on the herbs and slowly improved over the next week, unwinding my body from the intense stress and inflammation state it had been in. I am not usually strongly affected by viruses, and am usually only sick 2-3 days, if at all. This one was much longer and more intense. I am happy to say I feel almost completely recovered now, and I know the herbs helped a ton!!

  14. Nicki Astle (verified owner) –

    16 August I reached out to Gavin drank too much and wanted to sort myself out I am 57 and never fasted soooo niave but not.

    I was initially introduced to these blends by my Son that said these blends will help you if you fast with them I didn’t fast but I still took Peel and spice bingo my PSORIASIS cleared in 2 months.

    After this is when I reached out now been fasting taking more blends and tonight biggie for me I had a glass of red well glass and half in feeding window to test myself was it hard to not have another oh yes but my willpower said NO you got this I’m so proud
    If I can do it anyone can
    Thank you Gavin so looking forward to seeing results from my new blends

  15. Jamie –

    Firstly, I’d like to thank Gavin creating so many amazing products that truly make a difference to our lives, for the better. Since and prior to placing my first order in 2020, Gavin has always been willing to offer his advice and give his time freely when discussing health and wellbeing, with geniune intentions – something which is rare in the world we live in today.

    These blends do perform miracles, but they are not just for those who are sick. I had a clean bill of health and felt good physically and mentally when purchasing my blends, with the intention of taking my wellbeing to another level – and that it did! My clarity and focus skyrocketed from a place where I was already performing very high mentally. Motivation was through the roof, friendships improved, relationships improved, fitness improved, energy… X10! I was optimising every area of my life through these blended herbs and fasting. Fast forward to today, 2 years on, and I can assure you that there is no better product out there on the market (or not even on the market) that can achieve the things these blends do!

    The first batch of blends I ordered that changed my life were Trinity, Peel & Spice, plus Supernova. Gavin is always perfecting his craft and curating new blends through VERY in-depth research. I have the utmost confidence when purchasing and trying the new blends he puts together and will continue to do so for life.

    ***** Customer Service
    ***** Shipping
    ***** Product Quality

  16. Luis chavez (verified owner) –

    Well where can I even start? I sat on the side lines for many years just observing Interstellar Blends by recommendation of Shaun Lee. I watched Gavin’s movement before I ever considered pulling the trigger. It wasn’t until I saw that he had remedies for psoriasis which is what I have been suffering from for a few years now so I figured hey this is my chance! I pulled the trigger and it has been the best decision I have ever made!! No regrets whatsoever

    To begin I started off with stomach reset combo and let me just say it has been a game changer for me. In just the short amount of time of me trying it out I saw more positive results in a week than any cleanse/ diet I have been on the last couple years. The alleviation my stomach felt was next to none and don’t even get me started on that PURGE!! Feel the burn baby it takes a lot of mental strength for these powerful blends but in time you too will feel invincible using them. What’s quite amazing is that months after the stomach reset you still feel the effects and how much it has changed your body. Foods that used to be really hard to digest for me became a thing of ease. It was almost like I hopped into a whole new body.

    After this amazing cleanse I tapped into all the other blends and I just have to say I CANNOT just choose one they’re all so exquisite in their own ways. From someone that has dealt with addictive personality issues these blends have completely transformed my way of being I am much more calm and collective now. I do have to give a standing ovation to a few particular blends however those would be SPICE-PEEL-TRINITY-REWIRE- VICTORIOUS

    These blends have absolutely transformed me as a human being and have made my relationship with my psoriasis condition so much better. It hasn’t gone away completely but these blends fight and they fight hard!! They have managed to give me more progress than anything any hospital or clinic could possibly offer me. The amount of relief and satisfaction I get out of life makes these blends so worth it. Whether you’re dealing with any mental issues or physical or you simply want to live better. INTERSTELLAR BLENDS is the ultimate championship elixir of life just scoop some of those magical blends into a perfectly brewed cup of coffee and enjoy the ride! I feel absolutely proud to be part of this movement of fasting and achieving optimal health because at one point I just wanted to give up.. now that I know about these blends my life has forever changed. Thank you Gavin for all your hard work 💯 BAAAMMM!!!

    There is so much more to be said about each individual blend but that would take an entire book to write! In a few words I’d describe the blends as

    LIFE SHAPING
    SACRED
    HOLY
    POWERFUL
    WORLD CLASS
    ALLEVIATING
    POWERFUL

  17. Jordan Bumstead (verified owner) –

    have been getting cold sores on my mouth since I was age 2. I take the medication Valtrex when I feel the tingling sensation on my lips. I started taking Peel and Spice once a day. After several days I noticed my lips were dry as if I was taking Valtrex so to me, the 2 blends were working.  I woke up one morning with actual sores. I doubled my dose of the blends and quickly noticed my lips were dry. I could tell it was healing my lips! I plan to continue these 2 blends in hopes of getting rid of them forever!

    My husband suffers from insomnia and is restless all night therfor not sleeping well. He has been taking the Hypnotic blend for several months. After drinking at night, he gets a light and floating feeling and is able to get relaxed enough to get several hours of consecutive sleep. He is grateful for the few hours he gets and hopes each night will bring a few more minutes.

    I have been taking the blends Trinity, Spaceborn and Rewire in my morning coffee for more than 4 months now. I look forward to my blends every morning because they make me feel very focused and ready to start my day. I notice if I don’t take them every day and will stop what I’m doing and take them immediately.

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